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The rapid advancement of information and communication technologies has profoundly transformed urban governance and tourism development worldwide, giving rise to the concepts of Smart City and Smart Tourism as integrated models of sustainable innovation. In Indonesia, several local governments have adopted Smart City initiatives to enhance public service quality and economic competitiveness. Among them, Bekasi Regency has emerged as one of the leading regions in formulating a comprehensive Smart Tourism planning framework. This study aims to examine the key dimensions of Smart Tourism planning in Bekasi by analyzing how digital transformation, governance innovation, and technological integration are embedded within the regional development agenda. Employing a qualitative approach that combines literature review and in-depth interviews with members of the Bekasi Smart City Council, this research utilizes thematic analysis through NVivo software. The findings indicate that technology and innovation form the core of Bekasi’s Smart Tourism planning, emphasizing three interrelated components: Smart Experience, Smart Business Ecosystem, and Smart Destination. The study also reveals that although digital infrastructure and public service systems have been significantly developed, challenges remain in data management, interoperability, and community digital literacy. It concludes that effective Smart Tourism planning should prioritize data-driven governance, cross-sector collaboration, and community empowerment to strengthen tourism competitiveness and ensure sustainable regional development.

Gauteng, South Africa's preeminent economic hub, confronts the imperative of achieving sustainable infrastructure development amidst rapid urbanization. The strategic integration of smart initiatives is crucial for fostering economic growth, environmental resilience, and societal well-being. This paper presents a critical review of Gauteng's infrastructure sustainability efforts through smart initiatives, employing a conceptual model that delineates Infrastructure Sustainability Development (ISD) as the dependent variable. Four independent variables—Smart Energy Systems, Smart Transportation, Smart Water Management, and Smart Urban Planning—are examined, each further defined by five sub-variables to ensure a comprehensive evaluation of their impact. This analysis evaluates the efficacy of provincial smart infrastructure initiatives, including the flagship Lanseria Smart City project, in promoting sustainability and aligning with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The study draws upon relevant theoretical frameworks, including Sustainable Development Theory, Systems Theory, Innovation Diffusion Theory, and the Smart Cities Framework, to provide a robust analytical foundation. The findings highlight achievements, challenges, and prospects, culminating in policy implications and recommendations for enhancing sustainable infrastructure development in Gauteng.