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The banking industry in Kenya must adopt digital transformation to sustain competitiveness and improve customer experience in the context of rapidly evolving digital technologies. Despite the increasing focus on digitisation in the sector, the particular initiatives undertaken by commercial banks and their resulting impact on competitive advantage are not sufficiently comprehended. This study analysed the impact of digital transformation strategies on competitive advantage within commercial banks in Kenya. The primary aim was to evaluate the impact of service automation, data analytics, mobile banking applications, employee upskilling, and digital payment solutions on the competitiveness of banks. The study employed a descriptive design, focussing on 39 commercial banks categorised by tiers, which included 412 functional heads. A multi-stage sampling method integrating proportionate stratified and simple random sampling techniques was utilised to guarantee equitable representation. Employing Yamane’s formula, a sample of 203 respondents was determined. Primary data were collected using structured questionnaires that were pretested with 15 participants and validated by subject experts to ensure content relevance and clarity. Reliability testing employing Cronbach’s Alpha produced satisfactory results (? ? 0.7), signifying robust internal consistency. The analysis of data encompassed both descriptive and inferential statistics. The results were presented visually through charts, graphs, and tables to facilitate interpretation. The findings indicated that all five digital transformation strategies impacted competitive advantage, although their contributions differed in magnitude. The findings indicate that commercial banks must move beyond the simple implementation of digital technologies and prioritise strategic integration to improve customer experience and value creation. Banks ought to implement targeted automation that preserves human engagement for intricate services while improving feedback systems. Banks must enhance data governance and invest in sophisticated, customer-centric analytical tools. Ongoing innovation in mobile banking is advisable, encompassing feature enhancements and improved interoperability, underpinned by robust cybersecurity standards. Prioritising employee upskilling is essential through structured training, digital leadership development, and industry-wide certification. Finally, banks must reassess their digital payment strategies to prioritise user experience, fraud prevention, and differentiated services, while regulators encourage secure and innovation-friendly environments.

There is a limited understanding of the emerging technologies, such as blockchain, artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), and machine learning (ML) and their effect on the insurance sector in the Saudi Arabian market. A structural equational modelling was implemented to investigate the impact of emerging technology on customer experience, business productivity, risk management, and financial performance in Saudi insurance companies. Online surveys were directed to the insurance sector to explore their perceptions of the use of technology and its effect in 2024. The sample includes 102 valid responses in the data analysis. The findings show that the development and integration of technology in the Saudi Arabian insurance sector significantly improve customer experience, business productivity, risk management, and financial performance, which aligns with accelerated transformation in the market to achieve the main goals of the Saudi Vision 2030. 

There are growing concerns about ongoing digital innovation in the private sector, which poses the possibility of central banks losing their autonomy and even being backward in payment efficiency. Hence, CBDC has become the reality of central banks with several economies' ongoing digitalization and adaptation. This review explores the growing literature on CBDC design, its emergence, variations, potentials, and challenges for smooth future applications. It addressed research articles and gray literature to accumulate the current implementation concerns. Findings show that CBDC poses prospects for exploiting emerging technology, efficient payment systems, tax collections, and tracking illegal financial activities. However, there were mixed expectations regarding financial inclusion, financial stability, bank runs, disintermediation, monetary policy, privacy, security, technology, sustainability, and regulatory framework. Finally, as CBDCs will reduce the influence of private money creation and digital alternatives, they ensure that the central bank remains at the center of the financial system in the future. 

In recent times, the use of mobile banking has expanded significantly in Tanzania, but its impact on Savings and Credit Cooperative Society (SACCOS) purposes are still uncertain. This study examined mobile banking's effects on Tanzania's SACCOS, using a quantitative research approach. Purposive sampling was employed to select three SACCOS offering electronic banking services in Dar es Salaam and Kilimanjaro regions, with a total sample size of 64 employees and supplemented them with secondary data from 2020 to 2024 from SACCOS reports and financial statements. Statistical analysis was used to describe mobile banking usage and regression analysis was performed to evaluate the correlation between mobile banking usage and return on assets (ROA). The results showed a favourable correlation between mobile banking and performance (ROA), mobile banking was favorably viewed for improving accessibility and efficiency. Mobile banking positively affects SACCOS in Tanzania by offering and enhancing new ways of addressing financial barriers. Emphasizing the need for SACCOS to adopt the evolving technological innovations and other electronic banking features. Despite the existing challenges, SACCOS continually strive to minimize such challenges. The study recommends that SACCOS should set up robust customer support systems to address technical and security issues, streamlined regulatory compliance and mitigate the challenges associated with the adoption of mobile banking. This conclusion emphasizes the dual need for technological advancement and organizational support to fully leverage mobile banking as a tool for financial growth and inclusion in cooperative societies.

This study examines the impact of new digital-only competitors on the Swiss banking business models and value chain. Despite various studies and articles available in the literature about the impact of new digital competitors on the banking industry, there is little research focusing on the Swiss market. The comprehensive research conducted in this study and the data collected through the survey provides a foundation to gauge the impact of the new digital competitors’ pressure on business models and value chain in the Swiss banking industry. The design of the research instrument employed for collecting the primary data has been achieved through a survey shared with 75 managers and experts working in the Swiss banking industry including Swiss banks, FinTechs, BigTechs, and other financial services and consultancy firms. One sample z-test and descriptive statistics have been applied to the survey results to gain a deeper understanding. The outcome of the analysis suggests that the competitive pressure of BigTechs and FinTechs is expected to have a significant impact on the Swiss banking industry, and mainly BigTechs are anticipated to be significantly dominant with disruptive impact.  The obtained results also strongly indicate that the cross-industry ecosystems and close partnerships with the new digital competitors are the potential key strategies to be pursued as the future Swiss banking business models. Besides, the disruptive new market entrants are anticipated to be highly likely to gain significant market share in certain market segments of the banking industry and also to create an “ecosystem” accordingly. The area of Personal and Corporate Banking is found out to be more vulnerable to digital disruption in comparison with the other banking areas.  

The study focuses on the basic variables of the knowledge economy, where aims to know the role of the knowledge economy in the banking sector and solving the problems facing Libyan commercial banks in the development of banking services. In order to achieve the main purpose of the study, we used the descriptive-analytical method, by using the questionnaire. Where we surveyed a total of 320 employees at six commercial banks operating in the eastern region of Libya. Through incoming questionnaires, we have analyzed 299 questionnaires. The results of the analysis showed a positive relationship between the knowledge economy and the development of banking services and that the knowledge economy plays an active role in the development of banking services, as the sub-variables of the knowledge economy are knowledge, skills, education, IT infrastructure, speed, access to service, research and development, Innovation, institutional regime, economic incentives as well as the sub-dimensions of the developing of banking services that represented in online banking, data transfer services, the use of technology, and customer relations. all of them show a high positive relationship among them. Also, the study includes information on whether there are differences between the knowledge economy and the development of banking services in the banks included in the research. The results of the study showed that knowledge, skills, training, economic incentives, and institutional regime vary according to banks

Ghana, like most other developing countries, is not isolated from the global financial crisis through the impact of such a crisis on economies. This paper examines the financial sector reforms and its effect on the Ghanaian economy, within the developing country context in general and in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in particular. The paper seeks to enhance the understanding of relevant policy measures and reflects on what else could be done. The article further studies the effect of change in the institutional environment on bank governance practices primarily to improve the industry’s supervision and regulation, related to the post-crisis exit strategies. This paper discusses the development of ICT infrastructure and application as a basis for the main dimension of Ghana’s digital transformation in financial services. This paper is, therefore, motivated by the lack of empirical studies that examines how the impact of the banking reforms play a substantial role in promoting innovative digital payment systems to replace cash transactions. From the perspective of institutional theory, the study looked at why (and how) a number of policy measures have a significant impact on the financial performance of banks? And how the applications of e-finance in ICT and financial practices, provides several benefits within the banking sector improve the sector’s image and leads to a broader, faster and more efficient market? The application of Koppenjan and Groenewegen (2005) ‘s four-layer model ‘levels of institutional analysis’ perspective seems to be the most useful starting point, which provides the basis for an improved understanding of revealing the inefficient delivery of Ghanaian banking industry in the past. A combination of a review of secondary and empirical data, interviewed used in the analysis. Findings indicate that the financial and banking sector reforms help the industry   advance digital banking culture and impact on the general expansion of the financial and the infusion of financial inclusion in Ghana. These conclusions would be particularly useful in a similar picture in other developing countries, as well as by the bank authorities to create their future policy. It also joins the debate on the impact of the banking reform, a key turning point towards better regulation to refine crisis prevention and resolution mechanisms.

This study aims to evaluate the effect of rapid changes in financial technologies and their impact on the financial services industry of India. A descriptive study has been made on the implementation of financial technologies in modern-day financial services Industries. An intensive literature review has been done from the existing most recent available journals, newspaper articles, government websites, and magazines. We have discussed the effects of the financial technologies on the existing financial system of India, the threats and challenges faced by the regulators in regulating the novel disruptive technologies. We have also discussed potential threats, challenges and future prospects of upcoming technologies in the mutual funds industry in India. Based on the literature review, it is found that financial technologies (FinTech) have a positive and important effect on the financial services industry of India. The AUM (Asset Under Management) has seen a tremendous jump in the recent past. It has also increased the customer experience with better access to the back office, even from remote places. In addition, the paper has also discussed the challenges faced by the regulators, who are yet to fully understand the implication of the fast-changing technological environment around us. Finally, this article contributes to the knowledge building and understanding of financial technologies and its impact on the financial industry, challenges, and future prospects.

Financial performance of a commercial banks driven by a number of capabilities drawn from either the internal or the external environment. The Kenyan Government and commercial banks in particular have invested in e-commerce solution. Despite these invetments over the years, the impact is yet to be felt. The empirical literure reveals that there is a link between commercial banks e-commerce custiomization capability and financial peroformance.The study empirically analyzed the effect of e- commerce customization capability on financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. E-commerce customization capability measured using online registration,online recommendation and realtime support while financial performance was measured using Return on Assets (ROA). The study was anchored on the Resource-Based View Theory. The study used explanatory design. A census of 43 commercial banks was taken; data for performance was extracted from audited banks statements for financial year 2016/2017. Data for e-commerce customization capability was collected from commercial banks websites. Data for financial performance was extracted from audited financial ststements of commercial banks. Data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study findings indicated that e-commerce customization capability had a significant effect on financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. The study concluded that e-commerce customization capability significantly affected financial performance of commercial banks in Kneya. The study recommends that the management of commercial banks in Kenya should invest more in customization capability to improve their performance.