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Idiosyncratic risk refers to a distinct category of risk that impacts individual firms and is shaped by multiple aspects, including carbon performance and Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) disclosures. This risk, particularly concerning environmental sustainability, can provide considerable hurdles for companies. This study aims to examine the influence of carbon performance and ESG disclosure on idiosyncratic risk, with the speed of adjustment serving as a moderating variable. This research examines coal production firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2021 to 2023, with a sample of 26 companies selected through purposive sampling. This research utilizes quantitative methodologies, specifically multiple linear regression and a moderating variable approach. Data is derived from annual reports, financial statements, and sustainability reports of coal firms, as well as information from investing.com and the Katadata Corporate Sustainability Index. The data indicate an inverse correlation between carbon performance and idiosyncratic risk, as well as between ESG disclosure and idiosyncratic risk, suggesting that organizations with superior ratings in both domains encounter diminished idiosyncratic risk. Moreover, whereas the speed of adjustment does not reinforce the connection between carbon performance and idiosyncratic risk, it does augment the association between ESG disclosure and idiosyncratic risk.

Firm value is a very important because the success of management in managing a firm is reflected in the firm value. With the uncertainty of global economic conditions in recent years, Companies have faced challenges in maintaining or increasing firm value. Companies must have a strategy in order to increase the firm value by paying attention to financial and non -financial factors. This study aims to test and analyze the effect of ESG performance, capital structure, firm size on firm value with profitability as a mediation variable. Sampling techniques in this study uses saturated sample because all populations included in the sample criteria that used in research as many as 15 companies listed in the ESG Leaders index for the 2020-2023 period. Research data analysis using multiple linear regression methods and path analysis with SPSS programs. The results showed that ESG's performance, capital structure had a significant positive effect on firm value while firm size had a significant negative effect on the firm's value. Profitability as a mediation variable could mediate the effect of ESG performance, capital structure, firm size on the firm value.

Climate-related concerns have drastically made companies realize the need for better environmental regulations and consolidate them in corporate business strategies such as Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). CSR improves firm performance by valuing the stakeholders' interests and substantially achieving a competitive advantage over competitors. Recognising a firm's competitive advantage in the market indicates performance and might help the company perform better. The objective of this research  is to provide concrete proof related to how CSR affects competitive advantage and its effects on company performance, especially financial performance in SMEs in Bali Province. This study uses primary data in the form of questionnaires distributed to SMEs both directly and online. The sample of this research is the manager / owner of SMEs in Bali Province. Data analysis tools using SmartPLS 4.0. The study's findings indicate that CSR has a direct impact on financial performance  (SMEs) and CSR indirectly affects the financial performance (SMEs) through competitive advantage. Competitive advantage was found to partially mediate the impact of CSR and financial performance (SMEs). These findings will be used by SME managers in Bali Province in order to enhance the company's financial performance by considering the use of CSR strategies and strengthening competitive advantage. Implementing CSR can help a company become more competitive and separate itself from competitors by providing an innovative product or service. Finally, corporate social responsibility (CSR) can give a company a competitive advantage by strengthening its marketing abilities, which leads to improved performance.

This research aims to determine the influence of firm size, profitability, leverage, and board size on Islamic social responsibility. The population in this research are companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2020–2022. In this research, we will see the simultaneous and partial influence and the dominant variables using data analysis tools in the form of multiple linear regression, coefficient of determination, hypothesis testing using the F test and t-test, and the classical assumption test. Based on the research results, it can be concluded as follows: Simultaneously, firm size, profitability, leverage, and board size influence Islamic social responsibility. Partially, it can be seen that not all variables have a significant effect on Islamic social responsibility. Firm size and leverage influence Islamic social responsibility, while profitability and board size have no influence. 

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of green accounting practices and carbon emission disclosure on environmental performance and firm value: moderated by firm size (study on mining companies listed on the Indonesia stock exchange). This research uses quantitative methods. The population in this study were 38 IDX mining companies for the period 2018-2022. Sample selection was used using purposive sampling method, so that the sample in this study was 29 IDX Mining sector companies for the period 2018-2022. The conclusion of this study is (i)Green Accounting Practices has a positive effect on Environmental Performance; (ii)Carbon Emission Disclosure has a positive effect on Environmental Performance; (iii)Green Accounting Practices has no effect on Firm Value; (iv)Carbon Emission Disclosure has no effect on Firm Value; (v)Environmental Performance has no effect on Firm Value; (vi)Firm Size strengthens the relationship between Environmental Performance and Firm Value.

ESGs, or sustainable business practices, are becoming more and more popular as more stakeholders, regulators, and investors want to conduct business in a way that helps address urgent global issues like environmental degradation, climate change, ethical supply chains, and global well-being. Consequently, while making investment decisions, environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors are given more weight in the operational and strategic objectives of the organization. The purpose of this research is to determine the relationship between a company's financial success and market value and its environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance. This research uses financial performance as a mediating impact and integrates the risk mitigation element, which is the foundation of sustainability. Data from publicly traded businesses on the Indonesia Stock Exchange with ESG risk from Sustainalytics and ESG ratings from Refinitiv were used in the study. Purposive sampling was the sampling approach utilized to acquire 48 observation firms for empirical testing. The results indicate that only the individual environmental ESG score has a positive and significant impact on financial performance and company value, whereas the composite ESG score has a positive and substantial impact on financial performance. The finding of this study is that the improvement of corporate ESG performance can increase corporate value, and corporate financial performance provides an obvious mediating effect. The findings further show that low-risk ESG scores have an impact on increasing firm value with financial performance as the mediation.

Investor interest in a company can be measured by changes in the share price of each company. This research will test and analyse the impact of corporate social responsibility, profitability and enterprise value on share prices. The share price becomes an attraction for investors and becomes the basis for the valuation of the company, which can be observed from the rising or falling share price trend. The data source uses secondary data in annual financial and sustainability reports of each company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) and Sri Kehati Index, respectively, in 2016 - 2020. The data analysis method uses panel data regression, which was conducted in stages to determine the most appropriate regression model, and finally fixed effect was selected. The results of the study show that the variables of profitability and firm value affect stock prices, while social responsibility does not.

This study aims to determine the impact of leverage, profitability, and size on firm value with CSR disclosure as a moderating variable. The research population is Consumer Goods Industry-Cosmetics and Household Sub-Sector companies listed on the IDX for 2015-2021. Sampling was conducted by purposive sampling with specific criteria, and then the data were analyzed using Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). It is clearly seen from the data analysis that leverage, profitability and firm size did not affect firm value. Therefore, CSR disclosure cannot moderate the relationship between profitability, firm size, and firm value but weakens the relationship between leverage and firm value. Thus, CSR disclosure can moderate the relationship between leverage and firm value.

This study examines the effects of profitability, leverage, and Islamic social reporting (ISR) on firm value. This study uses explanatory research with a quantitative approach. The population in this study is all companies from the basic and chemical industry sectors listed on the Indonesian Syariah Stock Index in consecutive years reporting financial statements for 2017–2021. Saturated sampling is selected as the sampling method, and documentation is used to collect data. The data were analyzed using path analysis with the help of IBM-SPPS-21. The results showed that profitability significantly affects firm value, while leverage does not significantly affect firm value. Profitability significantly affects ISR reporting, whereas influence does not affect ISR reporting. ISR reporting can increase the value of a company. ISR reporting can mediate the relationship between profitability and firm value. However, ISR reporting cannot mediate the impact of leverage on firm value. The findings of this study suggest that to maximize returns, it is necessary to pay attention to the company's profitability, the proportion of leverage used, and the company's ISR reporting.

Indonesia has set target to reduce its carbon emissions by 29% to 41% for 2030 (Perpres No. 98 Year 2021). Contrary to this target, carbon emissions in Indonesia have increased by 157% from 1990 to 2018. This paper aims to investigate the effect of media exposure, carbon performance, and firm characteristics on carbon emission disclosure, and with firm size and firm age as control variables. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression with panel data to analyzed 334 non-financial companies that are listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period of 2018-2021. Main findings of the study demonstrate that (i) media exposure has no significant effect on carbon emission disclosure, (ii) carbon performance has negative significant effect on carbon emission disclosure, (iii) profitability has no significant effect on carbon emission disclosure, and (iv) leverage has no significant effect on carbon emission disclosure.

This study aims to determine the factors influencing carbon emissions disclosure in basic and chemical industrial companies listed on the IDX in 2016-2019. The research approach used in this study is a quantitative approach of the Explanatory Research type to explain the relationship between the independent and dependent variables through hypothesis testing. The sample selection was used using a purposive sampling method with the following criteria. Data in the form of financial reports and company annual reports were obtained from the website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange ICMD (Indonesian Capital Market Directory), and www.finance.yahoo.com. The data used in this study are time series and cross-section data. Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded that the Good Corporate Governance variable has a positive and significant effect on Carbon Emissions Disclosure; Managerial Ownership Variables have a negative and significant effect on Carbon Emissions Disclosures; firm Value Variables do not affect Carbon Emissions Disclosures, Leverage Variables do not affect Carbon Emissions Disclosures, Company Size Variables have a positive and significant effect on Carbon Emissions Disclosures, Good Corporate Governance Variables, Managerial Ownership, Firm Value, Leverage and Firm Size jointly influence Carbon Emissions Disclosure. The results of this study can provide information for regulators, company management, investors, creditors, and other interested parties to understand the importance of the supervisory function in a company.

The mining industry in Indonesia has a high enough capitalization value to attract investment. The more investors that invest, the higher the stock price and the value of the firm, yet the mining sector's share price has changed throughout time. The mining industry in Indonesia must likewise be mindful and worried about the environment. Previous research has not explored the correlation between profitability and firm value, which contributes as a mediator. This resulted in a clear gap in the literature. This study contributes to filling a gap in the literature. The mining sector businesses listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2018 to 2020 were chosen as the population, with a total sample of 11 companies selected using the purposive selection approach. The data analysis process has been carried out using SPSS version 28 software. The study's findings revealed that corporate social responsibility and corporate management skills had little influence on business value. Furthermore, the findings of this research show that profitability, as a moderating variable in this study, is a complete mediator of social responsibility and managerial ability to firm value. The presence of profitability mediation in this research yields substantial findings, serving as a warning to investors.

Mining sector companies are closely related to pollution, waste, and strong interactions with the environment. If the pollution and waste are ignored, it will cause environmental damage that consequently impacts environmental sustainability and the community around the company. Therefore, companies are requested to address environmental and social issues through corporate social responsibility activities. Determinants of corporate social responsibility disclosure include company size, liquidity, leverage, and profitability. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the determinants of corporate social responsibility disclosure on corporate social responsibility in mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2016 to 2020. The number of sample companies studied was seven mining sector companies, and the number of data tested was 35 (for five years). The data used in this research were derived from financial and sustainability reports. The sampling technique used in this study was the saturated sample. Data were analyzed using regression analysis processed using the SPSS application. This study revealed that company size, liquidity, leverage, and profitability affect corporate social responsibility disclosure.

This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of earnings management and media exposure on corporate social responsibility disclosure moderated by corporate governance. This study uses secondary data on manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for a five-year period from 2016 to 2020. The sample selection used the purposive sampling method so that a total of 67 observations met the specified criteria. This study was tested using multiple linear regression and Moderated Regression Analysis. The results of this study provide empirical evidence that earnings management and media exposure have a positive effect on corporate social responsibility disclosure. Corporate governance with the proxies of the board of commissioners, independent commissioners and audit committees in weakening the influence of earnings management on corporate social responsibility disclosures each shows insignificant results. Meanwhile, corporate governance with the proxies of the board of commissioners and the audit committee was found to be able to strengthen the influence of media exposure on corporate social responsibility disclosure. However, independent commissioners cannot strengthen the influence of media exposure on corporate social responsibility disclosure.

This study aims to construct a pentuple bottom line hierarchical pyramid at PT Bank Negara Indonesia Tbk. The triple bottom line is the key to drive the success of implementing business sustainability. The pentuple bottom line is a deconstruction of the triple bottom line concept. The researcher used a postmodernist paradigm with imaginary dialogue as a research method. The imaginary dialogue consists of two specialists namely accountant and investor. The result of this research is a pentuple bottom line hierarchical pyramid model. The pentuple bottom line hierarchical pyramid is a model for measuring company managerial performance consisting of ethical responsibilities, profit, people, planet, and prophet. First, ethical responsibilities are ethical responsibilities, the company has an obligation to carry out good and fair business practices, second, profit is an effort to fulfill the company's economic welfare third, people, the company tries to provide benefits and advantages for the stakeholders, fourth, planet, the company can preserve the environment, the fifth, prophet is mental or spiritual balance in the process of preserving life, business organizations must consider the expression of God-consciousness, transcendental consciousness, honesty, the ability to self-contemplate and sincere love

This research aims to investigate and analyze the effect of corporate social responsibility disclosure on firm value, either directly or indirectly, by involving innovation as a mediator. This study uses secondary data on manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for a period of four years from 2015 to 2018. The sample selection method uses the purposive sampling method with several criteria to produce 104 companies as the research sample so there are 416 observations. The analysis technique used is a simple and multiple linear regression analysis technique using the STATA 13 application as well as the Sobel Test for mediation tests. The results of this study provide empirical evidence that both in quality and quantity corporate social responsibility disclosure has an effect on increasing firm value. The results also show that corporate social responsibility disclosure cannot increase firm value through innovation due to a lack of research and development activity in most manufacturing companies because research and development activities require a long time and process as well as ineffective patent protection. Innovation has an insignificant effect on firm value due to the high cost of research and development can have an impact on large costs that reduce profits. However, innovation can be increased by corporate social responsibility disclosure, which means investing in corporate social responsibility disclosure can indirectly encourage the development of innovative product and process activities in the company. Innovation becomes a partial mediation variable so that innovation works partially in mediating between corporate social responsibility disclosure and firm value.

This study aims to analyze the effect of environmental performance and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on financial performance and its impact on market reactions in manufacturing companies listed on Proper 2014-2018. The research method uses path analysis with the SPSS 22 as many as 39 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2014-2018 with Purposive Sampling. The results showed that environmental performance had no significant effect on financial performance. CSR has no significant effect on financial performance. environmental performance has no significant effect on market reaction. CSR has no significant effect on market reactions. financial performance has a significant effect on market reaction

This study examines the relationship between stock price crash risk (SPCR) or the risk of a stock price collapse with strategy, practice, and quality of sustainability reports. This research uses archival data and verification methods. Data analysis using descriptive statistics, regression, classic assumption, and path analysis. This phenomenon arose due to the large number of SPCRs which resulted in losses for investors in the capital market. Samples were taken based on judgment sampling and found 304 reporting studied during the period from 2010-2017 (8 years). The outcomes of this study are the strategy and practice of standalone sustainability reports have a positive effect on the quality of sustainability reports. The quality of sustainability reports (SRQ) mediates the strategy and practice of standalone sustainability reports against SPCR.

The purpose of this study is to construct a faculty sustainability reporting (SR) guideline to support the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). A prior study found sustainable activity followed by voluntary disclosure increasing the trust from stakeholders. Faculty as a part of the university can also take their role to support the SDGs from their own sustainable activity. Based on that finding, to support the SDGs and increasing the trust from stakeholders, the Faculty may disclose their sustainable activity to a stand-alone report. Because the faculty is a different entity from the company, it is necessary to create its own SR guidelines. This study uses GRI Standard as the main reference to make the faculty SR guideline and compares the guideline with faculty abilities in daily operation. The results of this study found that not all the GRI Standard items relevant to faculty daily operation. There are 26 items that the faculty can do and can be disclosed from its daily operation.