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South African state universities provide aspiring professionals with pertinent undergraduate and postgraduate qualifications that enable youth to follow particular career paths. The obstacle for public colleges lies in their need to sustain financial viability amidst restricted public financing. There exists proof of enduring structural disparities between historically disadvantaged institutions (HDIs) and historically advantaged institutions (HAIs). These disparities have not been investigated in existing research through longitudinal studies. This research evaluates the fiscal viability of two Higher Degree Institutions and two Higher Education Institutions by analysing audited financial reports from 2019 to 2023. Financial ratios assessing liquidity, solvency, efficiency, and operational sustainability were computed and analysed via Resource Dependence Theory (RDT). The findings indicate persistent discrepancies between HDIs and HAIs. HDIs had diminished liquidity standings, increased borrowing, and constrained capacity to produce operating surpluses. Healthcare-associated infections typically possess more robust financial statements due to their varied revenue sources and increased reserves. Nevertheless, all institutions are experiencing heightened financial strain, accompanied by diminished surpluses over the duration. The results suggest a reliance on a limited number of financing sources. This intense dependence on restricted funding sources correlates with diminished financial robustness and increased vulnerability to operational risk. The research indicates that enhancing financial sustainability requires an evaluation of institutional regulations and a novel strategy for generating revenue streams. Universities are advised to enhance their financial governance and diversify their income streams beyond a limited number of sources. If structural reforms are not implemented, financial disparities among these universities are expected to continue, threatening the long-term stability of the higher education industry. These results indicate that in the absence of a significant alteration in income allocation, the inherent financial disparity between HDIs and HAIs would intensify, jeopardising the enduring institutional stability of South Africa's higher education system.

Quality Improvement Plans (QIPs) play a pivotal role in advancing the performance and standards of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) following the completion of CHE Institutional Audits and internal Programme Reviews Evaluations (PREs). This study explores the effectiveness of the QIP by investigating its impact across critical areas, including curriculum development, infrastructure, student-centred practices, innovation and entrepreneurship, government support, technology, and collaborations and partnerships. As higher education continues to evolve, the successful implementation of the QIP is vital for fostering academic excellence, institutional growth, and global competitiveness. This study addresses the following questions: What factors influence the success of QIP implementation in HEIs? How can QIP initiatives be optimised to achieve strategic goals? What are the measurable outcomes of these initiatives on institutional performance?

University Professional Staff (UPS) [administrators, secretaries, and operations managers] perform important managerial duties but are excluded from career promotion that are usually evaluated using academic criteria despite showing excellence in administration. This systemic paradox causes career stagnation, unclear promotion pathways, and undervaluation of their complex contributions, mainly evident in South African higher education institutions (HEIs). This study investigated the barriers impeding UPS career progression, examined their hybrid academic-administrative roles, and explored implications for institutional equity and effectiveness within HEIs. This qualitative study used purposive sampling to select 11 UPS from South African HEIs. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews on career development and promotion challenges. Thematic content analysis was used and identified main themes. Ethical clearance confirmed confidentiality and voluntary involvement. Trustworthiness was protected using member checking and reflexivity to accurately capture participants’ lived experiences and institutional realities. Eleven UPS respondents generated four themes: role perception, institutional support, academic-administrative divide, and social-emotional duties. Participants described complex, developing roles but career inertia due to uncertain promotion criteria and minimal recognition. Institutional support was inconsistent, with limited training and ambiguous career pathways. The divide between academic and UPS staff persists, alongside unrecognized emotional labour, prompting calls for transparent promotion processes and structured career development. UPS undertake multifaceted administrative, managerial, and emotional roles that are undervalued within HEIs. Career progression is hindered by unclear promotion criteria, institutional barriers, and an academic-administrative divide. Training and career development opportunities are inadequate and unevenly accessible. To address these issues, institutions should clarify promotion processes, establish formal career pathways, enhance support programs, foster collaboration between academic and UPS staff, and recognize social-emotional labour. Future research should track career impacts over time and explore interventions to promote UPS equity and development.

There has been intense scrutiny about the design and delivery of curricula in South Africa higher education institutions. Various policies and laws have been established to ensure that the South African higher education contributes to the transformation agenda of the nation. This study contributes to this debate by examining how the South African higher education policies contribute to the transformation of curriculum to meet contemporary socioeconomic needs. The study employs a systematic literature review to synthesise current evidence and adopts a morphogenetic approach to explore how existing frameworks, such as the Higher Education Act of 1997 and the White Paper for Post-School Education and Training (2014), have shaped the curriculum design and implementation processes in South African universities. The paper begins by discussing the internationalisation of higher education curricula and highlights the need for graduates to develop global competencies. It further examines the role of the South African internationalisation policy in preparing students for the global economy. The research also addresses how policy gaps, such as the inadequate focus on decolonisation and the lack of alignment with the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), impact the effectiveness of curriculum transformation efforts. The findings reveal that despite numerous policy frameworks and strategic documents, there remains a disconnect between the goals of higher education policies and the practical realities of curriculum design and delivery. This disconnect contributes to the numerous challenges in the higher education sector, manifested through student protests and dissatisfaction with the relevance of academic programs. The paper concludes that a more nuanced approach to curriculum reform is necessary, one that bridges policy intentions with practical outcomes through continuous dialogue among universities, the government, and industry stakeholders.

The study examined important external elements that have an impact on the technical universities (TUs) in Ghana's entrepreneurial financial governance methods. It highlights the difficulties TUs have managing their finances and the critical role that entrepreneurial finance plays in overcoming these financial limitations. A questionnaire was used by respondents as the data gathering tool in the researcher's quantitative investigation. Purposive sampling was utilised in the study to choose the 160 respondents that participated. According to the study, external environmental factors like political and economic factors, regulatory boundaries set by the state, competition between TUs, insufficient budgetary allocation, inefficient financial monitoring systems, and a lack of dynamic capabilities all have a significant impact on entrepreneurial financial governance strategies. According to the study, technical universities (TUs) in Ghana can increase revenue production, augment government financing, and satisfy their objective of offering high-quality education by applying creative initiatives and improving financial governance processes. This study offers policymakers and key stakeholders in the education sector useful insights to improve the financial sustainability and performance of Technical Universities (TUs) in Ghana. It does this by doing a thorough examination of the external environment and its impact on financial governance initiatives. Through an analysis of the effects of political and economic variables, insufficient budgetary provisions, and inadequate financial monitoring frameworks, this research highlights the imperative for Technical Universities in Ghana to give special consideration to these external elements

One of six comprehensive universities in South Africa, the Walter Sisulu University (WSU) combines the best academic credentials from universities and technikons in an effort to effectively meet the socio-economic development needs of the nation, in the Eastern Cape Province, and the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, Chris Hani Municipality, King Sabata Dalindyebo Municipality.  An institution of a new generation, the WSU is more than the sum of its parts. Its goal is to improve community potential through quality academic programs, research, and community engagement projects with a strong emphasis on involvement and sustainable development. This article considers the different successes and difficulties associated with the WSU rationalization and consolidation of faculties.  This theoretical article observes that the government started using rationalization and consolidation as a tool to reconfigure and reform the higher education sector. Rationalization and consolidation are nothing new, and several nations have used them to revamp or reorganize their higher education industries. The article provides literature debates and scholarly background on comparing the South African higher education sector's proposed rationalisation and consolidation to those of other nations' higher education sectors, however, would reveal the most ambitious reform program ever launched in recent memory. The conceptual paper adopts a thematic qualitative approach.  The primary wave of the mergers mandated by the government that happened in 2004 and 2005 was preceded by the 2002 merger of Walter Sisulu University.

Most higher education marketing theories have not explored student recruitment strategies for masters and doctorate qualifications, particularly in Africa. As a result, this study aims to explore student recruitment initiatives used by South African universities when recruiting students for masters and doctorate qualifications. A qualitative method of investigation was adopted to enable the researcher to judge the effectiveness of policies, practices or innovations in the recruitment of masters and doctorate students. Heterogeneous variation sampling was adopted to allow the researcher to compare university similarities and trends. Telephonic and face to face interviews were conducted to obtain information and opinions from research managers and marketing personnel regarding the recruitment of postgraduate students. Thematic analysis was employed to analyse qualitative data obtained during in-depth interviews. The findings indicate that university recruitment initiatives include individualised marketing and product differentiation. The availability of internal systems to encourage staff and current students to enrol for research degrees was also highlighted. University initiatives will ensure that suitable students are attracted to research masters and doctorate studies. With the university alumni, personnel and the internal students, the public universities can increase postgraduate enrolments.