Explore publications.

This study explores the application of the Village Customary Law called Awig-Awig in Tenganan Pegringsingan Village to manage the Ulayat Forest. The myth of Lelipi Lem Bukit is still believed to be a forest guard. A snake will peg the "Niskala" sanction for those who dare to commit theft of forest products. Meanwhile, "Skala" sanctions in the form of "fines" are given to those caught stealing forest products. The legal issue is how is the power of Awig-Awig in utilizing the Ulayat Forest in Tenganan Pegringsingan Village before state law. The method used is empirical legal research with an analytical approach, legislation, and customary law. Observation, Focus Group Discussion, and interviews obtained primary data. Secondary data was collected using documentation and recording techniques and analyzed by interpreting and qualitative techniques from the beginning until the Decree of the Minister of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia No. SK.1546/MENLHK-PSKL/PKTH/KUM.1/2/2019 stipulates the Ulayat Forest of Pegringsingan Village as a Customary Forest, the regulation in the management and utilization of forest products is still based on Awig-Awig both as a regulatory and coercive rule. Obedience and observance of villagers are still very high because violations are scarce. Awig-Awig is a law that grows and is developed in the life of villagers in the ulayat village area, which is relevant to Von Savigny's thought, namely volkgeist and has a pliable and supple nature. The customary forest utilization model is relevant to Bentham's utility principle with several novelties.

Using a set of attributes of ecotourism principles, this study aims to evaluate the compatibility between community expectations and the performance of implementing ecotourism principles and to find out the actual performance of implementing ecotourism principles in diving tourism practices in Bali from the perspective of the local community. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey of 234 respondents from indigenous community leaders regarding their expectations of 18 attributes of ecotourism principles and their perceptions of the performance of these attributes. A total of 17 of the 18 attributes of the ecotourism principles have negative performance, meaning that the performance level of these attributes was lower than expected, and one attribute is neutral. Importance-Performance analysis shows that the attributes of ecotourism principles that have performed well and need to be maintained include Minimizing environmental impact, Responsibility for the natural environment, culture, and local wisdom, Use of local products, Use of local workers, and Hospitality in services. On the other hand, the attributes of ecotourism principles that have become weaknesses and need to be focused on for improvement include Partnership with the local community, Increase local capacity Eco-friendly tourism facilities, and Minimizing social impact.

The National Land Agency (BPN) as the agency in charge of land registration has an important role in preventing overlapping certificates. However, if there is an overlapping of certificates, BPN can only be a consultant and witness who is being questioned until the overlapping certificates can be issued. The purpose of this research is to find out the legal protection of ownership of land rights against the emergence of overlapping certificates. The research method used is empirical legal research. The analysis used is descriptive analysis, namely the data that has been collected is processed for the formulation of research conclusions. Then the research data were analyzed in depth. The results show that the legal protection of ownership of land rights against overlapping certificates is that the owner of the certificate can file a lawsuit because of the existence of the same certificate in the same field and provide evidence in court for the disputing parties. The authority of BPN is to carry out land administration activities starting from land collection to the issuance of certificates. In addition, BPN also acts as a mediator or witness when there is a certificate overlapping dispute because BPN only issues 3 certificates after the data is completely valid. BPN will wait for the far a court decision which has permanent legal force (inkrah) to subsequently cancel the issuance of the disputed certificate in court.