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There are various challenges to foreign policy execution in South Africa. Disagreements over policy direction among political parties, factions, and interest groups may be the most significant of them. As a result, South Africa is at a loss about which partners to choose between traditional Western allies or eastern partners like China and other BRICS partners. This chapter explores how the discord in policy positions and consequent geopolitical implications affect South Africa's international development cooperation agenda. The study adopts a qualitative literature review to draw its conclusion. Theoretically, the chapter leans on Group Theory to guide its research and conclusion. The study shows significant disparities in foreign policy adoption, leading to significant geopolitical and domestic problems. Political parties, foreign actors and elements like NGOs and other interest groups all have disagreements. The chapter makes the argument that these disagreements and consequent delays cause major challenges for South Africa’s development cooperation agenda. In this regard, the chapter makes various recommendations on how South Africa can navigate this conundrum while balancing relations between both Eastern and Western partners for a sustainable development path. Furthermore, it is also recommended that South Africa set a foreign policy agenda that surpasses partisan and party-political interests to minimise these effects. This chapter seeks to contribute to wider discussions on international development cooperation in the changing geopolitical and North-South relations.

Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) requires not only national budgetary revenues but also the private sector and other funding sources. A significant number of development actors consider the private sector to be an essential partner and advocate for development cooperation. International development places a special emphasis on formalised private philanthropic organizations. This study examines how the Sustainable Development Goals affect the flow of private philanthropic aid to developing countries. The study also wants to know if private development funding is utilised for development alone or other purposes. Secondary sources of information from credible books, journals, and official reports from various development organizations were used in the study. Thus, a desktop qualitative analysis was used to examine the data. The paper bases its argument on the dual interest model, which contends that recipient needs and donor interests influence private-sector giving. The study finds that corporate philanthropists have made SDG targets a major theme in their programmatic and financial work. The results show that corporate philanthropists' involvement in SDG initiatives is often driven by a variety of factors, including both the business and development aspects of the SDGs. The study also shows that although private philanthropy is crucial to achieving the SDGs, it struggles to maintain its transparency and impact. To achieve the SDG targets, the study suggests that the private sector increase its involvement and improve cooperation with other stakeholders. The study also concludes that to improve policymaking and create a more effective development finance spectrum, more research on the relationship between business and development financing is needed.  This paper contributes to the larger conversation concerning the function and effects of private sector support for the SDGs in developing nations.