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Climate change is a reality and, it affects the lives of poor and vulnerable people in developing countries like Bangladesh. In order to improve the livelihoods of vulnerable people, it is urgent to set up a link between environmental policy implementation and poverty reduction. In this article, a natural resource management research approach is suggested. It consists of two steps (1) Identifying the extents related to environmental sustainability and, (2) The role of the areas to the income generation process. Descriptive research design is used to achieve the objectives, and for the purpose of the research primary data is collected from 201 respondents in South-West coastal zone of Bangladesh with the help of a closed-ended questionnaire. The authors analyzed the data with the help of IBM SPSS-21 and, found that environmental sustainability is one of the most important precondition for economic development at the coastal zone in Bangladesh delta. It also found that the income generation process of the local people is significantly influenced by the environmental sustainability.