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Agile methodologies extensively utilised in software development to improve adaptability, teamwork, and value provision. Notwithstanding comprehensive international studies, there is scant empirical data concerning Agile deployment in South African software development Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs), where resource limitations and contextual elements may affect adoption experiences. This research investigated the benefits and obstacles related to Agile adoption from the viewpoints of professionals in South African software development small and medium-sized enterprises. A quantitative research methodology was utilised, using a designed questionnaire with five-point Likert-scale items that assess perceived benefits and obstacles of Agile. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on 106 valid responses utilising descriptive statistics, reliability analysis (Cronbach’s α = 0.862), and exploratory factor analysis to evaluate the consistency of the instrument and its construct validity. The results demonstrate a robust consensus on the benefits of Agile, including enhanced team collaboration, communication, transparency, and adaptability, underscoring Agile's focus on individuals and its responsive characteristics. These benefits facilitate adaptable project implementation, ongoing stakeholder input, and enhanced collaboration. Conversely, the obstacles to execution were viewed as quite minor and not considered significant impediments. The primary obstacles encompassed deficiencies in documentation, misalignment among stakeholders, opposition to organisational transformation, time limitations, and heightened stress linked to accelerated development phases. The results indicate that South African software SMEs can enhance Agile value by bolstering collaborative efforts, ensuring thorough documentation, harmonising stakeholder expectations, and fostering ongoing learning. Despite being restricted to South African software development SMEs and a limited survey sample, the research offers contextually pertinent quantitative data on Agile adoption and sheds light on the benefits and obstacles of Agile deployment in resource-limited settings.    

Agile software development is extensively embraced worldwide; nonetheless, there is a paucity of empirical data concerning the Agile approaches employed by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in South Africa and the reasons for their adoption. This research examines (1) the Agile software development approaches being employed by South African software SMEs and (2) the reasons these businesses embrace Agile methodologies. Utilising a cohesive theoretical model that merges Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) theory with the Technology–Organisation–Environment (TOE) framework, the research adopted a quantitative descriptive methodology through a cross-sectional survey. Quantitative data were examined utilising descriptive and inferential statistical methods, encompassing frequencies, percentages, mean values, and standard deviations. Reliability and concept validity were evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), correspondingly. The results reveal that Scrum and Kanban are the predominant Agile techniques, either utilised separately or in hybrid forms according to organisational frameworks, team interactions, and project needs. The adoption of Agile techniques was predominantly driven by internal factors, as businesses sought to enhance communication, cooperation, transparency, efficiency, responsiveness in delivery, and overall team effectiveness. The research determines that the adoption of Agile methodologies in South African software SMEs is practical, reliant on context, and influenced by organisational culture, methodological adaptability, and operational priorities, emphasising the necessity of flexible implementation strategies in emerging market settings.