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INDEXED PUBLICATIONS2
CROSSREF CITATIONS1
CROSSREF · CITED PUBLICATIONS50.0%
CROSSREF · MEAN CITATIONS0.5

Crossref citation coverage: 2 / 2 publications (100.0%). Latest observation: 21 Oct 2026, 07:22 UTC. Means and percentages use records with known counts.

Research collection

2 publications

JOURNAL ARTICLE

The functionality of informal trade in the creation of political power

Oscar Gonzalez Muñoz · Bertha Alicia Arce Castro

International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science · 2021

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This article delves into the analysis of informal commerce as a means of power created from the street vendor's perspective. This paper aims to evaluate the expressions of the itinerant executors of the practice of informal trade as a means of creating power. To do this, the conception of analysis, using the local practices referring to informal trade, were analyzed as a means of economic sustenance and in the same way, understood among selected groups as illegal. However independent of the local context and the established place. The thesis that follows is that the street trade has a functional character in the obtaining of power by groups; ideological promotion and not just an economic justification. The main findings and results of the research demonstrated that the decisions of the executors of the practice are permeated by a motivation for the illegal practice, which wanders between what is economically necessary and politically permissible. The situation that determines the functionality and applicability of informal trade acts, underestimates compliance with the existence of local trade policies and regulations of social life and instead, they are recognized as legitimate as they belong to groups of political control. Therefore, it contributes to the defense of the hypothesis, based on demonstrating that the practice of ambulance is presented as a valve for attention to unemployment, while it is tolerated as a means of opportunity to the creation of political power independent of the local or regional context.

DOI 10.20525/ijrbs.v10i7.13940 Crossref citations0 OpenAlex citations
JOURNAL ARTICLE

Money laundering operations and ways of confronting them through the banking system

Lolav Ahmed Khalil

International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies · 2021

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The purpose of this article to identify the hidden economy and money laundering operations and expose the backgrounds, social and banking them, and clarify the relationship between them. Also clarifying the position of the banking system from money laundering practices through the procedures followed, Furthermore to address the size of this issue and the methods used in laundering the money, since money laundering is a phenomena that all world states suffer from because of its negative impacts on social, economic and political aspects in any state. The spread of such phenomena can be attributed to various reasons that may be subjective of procedural, among them the fail of national legislation or the absence of cooperation between the concerned. Due to the impact of such phenomena international, regional and local efforts were exerted to fight this phenomena through international agreements, Purpose to achieve the objectives of the research has been formulated a main hypothesis as follows: The procedures followed and the laws in force in the field of money laundering are still limited to reviewing this phenomenon and besieging and addressing it. The study will employ the analytical method to test its hypotheses. It will be divided into three chapters in its theoretical and practical aspects, money laundering operations and ways of confronting them through the banking system. The first chapter deals with the theoretical framework of the study, which includes three subjects. Money laundering, the second chapter includes the role of the banking system in the face of money laundering, and the third was devoted to presenting the practical side of the role of the banking system in the face of money laundering. The practical side has collected the required liabilities from within the banking system in the province. Finally, conclusions and proposals for the study were reached. It concoded to us Money laundering is an integral part of the hidden economy and appears in the illegal part of it, as it hides the sources of illicit funds and turns them into legitimate sources. And the hidden economy, and without these operations, money would not be able to return to the apparent economy.

DOI 10.20525/ijfbs.v10i2.11921 Crossref citations4 OpenAlex citations