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The transformation of village areas into community-based tourist destinations represents a strategic pathway for achieving sustainable tourism in Indonesia. This study explores the potentials, challenges, and strategic directions for developing Dukuh Mejing, Bantul Regency, as an emerging community-based agro-edutourism village. A qualitative descriptive approach with an intrinsic case study design was employed, involving in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. Data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña, supported by NVivo 12 Plus for coding and thematic mapping.  The results reveal that Dukuh Mejing possesses strong physical and socio-cultural assets, including modern goat farming, rice-based agriculture, and preserved local traditions such as Nyadran and Kenduri. However, key constraints remain in infrastructure, community awareness, and institutional coordination. The SWOT analysis indicates that strategic development should focus on optimizing agritourism and cultural-based experiences, enhancing community capacity, improving accessibility, and adopting digital innovation to expand market reach.  The findings emphasize that collaborative governance, community empowerment, and innovation-driven competitiveness are fundamental to building a sustainable and resilient village tourism model. This study proposes an integrated framework that aligns community-based tourism principles with destination competitiveness and sustainable planning approaches. Practically, the model provides policy insights for local governments to strengthen participatory planning, institutional synergy, and adaptive monitoring systems. Theoretically, it contributes to the understanding of how village tourism destinations can achieve sustainability through community-led innovation and inclusive governance.

Thulamela's tourism sector has experienced growth in recent years, contributing to a steadily rising regional GDP. However, persistent unemployment and poverty raise concerns about the extent of local community involvement in tourism planning and decision-making, which is essential for ensuring equitable benefits, cultural preservation , and sustainable development. this study examined community participation and interactions with local businesses and authorities in Thohoyandou and surrounding villages within the Thulamela Local Municipality. A quantitative survey involving 304 community members was conducted, and the data were analyzed using SPSS version 29.0 with appropriate statistical techniques. the results reveal a significant gab between communities and administrative governance structure , along with a strong demand for inclusion in the formulation and drafting of tourism policies and participatory planning platforms. This study contributes to the scholarship on community involvement in tourism and offer potential insight for academics, managers, planners and policymakers who seek to enhance inclusive, community-centered tourism governance in developing contexts such as South Africa.

Tourism is increasingly recognised as a catalyst for inclusive development in the Global South. In South Africa, community-based homestays (CBHs) empower rural communities while conserving cultural and environmental assets, yet implementation remains uneven. This study examines the governance and sustainability of CBHs through a case study of the Makwarani village in Limpopo Province. Using an interpretivist qualitative design, ten semi-structured interviews were analysed thematically within Collaborative Governance, Social Exchange, and Sustainable Livelihoods frameworks. Findings reveal that tourism both preserves and commercialises local culture, generates seasonal income, and fosters social cohesion while also producing inequality, environmental strain, and governance fragmentation. Participants stressed the need for equitable benefit-sharing, strong institutional coordination, and community participation. The study concludes that inclusive governance, capacity development, and collaborative management are essential to bridge the policy–practice gap and achieve sustainable, community-driven tourism in South Africa.