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The purpose of the study is aimed at determining the financial socialisation of accounting students at South African universities and the factors that influence financial socialisation. The research used statistical techniques such as the structural equation modelling methodology to identify financial socialisation influencers and regression analysis to analyse associations between financial socialisation and socio-demographic variables among 1582 students. The study's results indicate that financial socialisation agents such as relatives, friends, and social media have little impact on most students' financial decisions. The majority of accounting students are often found to be financially socialised by their immediate family members rather than peers or social media factors. The regression analysis results confirmed this observation, revealing a statistically significant association between the parents' level of education and the students' financial socialisation. This study recommends that financial socialisation can be greatly improved by raising parents' educational levels and instilling financial education in university students' curricula, especially in South Africa.

This study examines the relationship between financial sustainability and the financial well-being of SME owners in Durban, South Africa. Utilising a quantitative research design, data were gathered through close-ended surveys from a diverse cross-section of SME owners, employing a cross-sectional approach.The study adopted a positivist philosophical framework, emphasising quantitative data analysis to derive conclusions. A total of 250 responses were collected, yielding a robust response rate of 82%. The analysis involved descriptive statistics and correlation analysis, with the correlation matrix revealing a positive, statistically significant correlation (r = 0.504, p < 0.05) between financial sustainability and financial well-being. The findings indicate that higher levels of financial sustainability are associated with greater financial well-being among SME owners, though the strength of this relationship is moderate. The regression analysis further supports this positive association, suggesting that interventions aimed at enhancing financial sustainability may significantly improve the financial well-being of SME owners. These results align with the theoretical framework of the Easterlin Paradox, which highlights the relative importance of financial stability in enhancing overall well-being. Based on these findings, several recommendations are proposed, including fostering financial literacy, enhancing access to financial resources, and promoting entrepreneurial collaboration.

The literature reveals that have poor spending habits arising from poor budgeting skills and lack financial knowledge, among others. However, it is unclear which individual lifestyles and attitudes influence the students' spending habits. This study, therefore, fills this gap with empirical evidence from accounting students in South Africa. Specifically, the study aims to investigate the existence of relationships between socio-demographic, attitudinal and lifestyle factors on the one hand and students' spending behaviour, on the other. Using an online structured questionnaire, we collected data from 290 accounting students at the University of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa, which was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The study finds that socio-demographic factors such as students' age and parental income have the greatest influence on students’ spending habits. Students' spending habits were also found to be influenced by attitudinal factors such as confidence in investment decision-making and shopping for necessities. Finally, it was observed that living an extravagant lifestyle, which includes purchasing branded clothing, compulsive shopping, the latest cell phones, and excessive alcohol purchases, were the primary cause of students' poor spending habits. These findings primarily support the social learning theory, implying that parents and/or guardians play an important role in shaping their children's spending habits.

Financial literacy is a critical factor that significantly impacts the success and achievement of small and medium enterprises' (SMEs) objectives. Unfortunately, many SMEs struggle with inadequate financial literacy, which hinders their ability to make informed decisions, manage resources effectively and drive growth. This knowledge gap can lead to poor financial planning, inefficient resource allocation and a lack of resilience, ultimately threatening the long-term sustainability of these businesses. By prioritising financial literacy, SMEs can enhance their capacity to develop realistic financial projections and budgets. This study investigated the level of financial literacy among small and medium enterprises (SMEs), examining both their knowledge and practical applications of financial concepts. Additionally, the research explored the correlation between SMEs' financial literacy and their socio-demographic characteristics, such as business size, industry, owner's age, education, and experience. A quantitative research approach was employed to achieve the study's objectives and primary data was collected through a questionnaire survey administered to a sample of 105 small and medium enterprises (SMEs) located in the uMgungundlovu District of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 23, leveraging both descriptive and inferential statistics to extract insights and meaning from the data. The findings of this study indicate that small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the uMgungundlovu District exhibit low levels of financial knowledge and practice. Notably, the research revealed significant positive correlations between financial knowledge and various factors, including: age, qualifications, number of employees and annual turnover. A positive relationship was also established between financial practice and annual turnover. This study recommends that stakeholders, for instance, government agencies and banks should organise financial education programmes that invest in improving financial practices of small and medium enterprises. It is also recommended that small and medium enterprises pursue short courses in basic accounting to improve their knowledge base.

The literature reveals that have poor spending habits arising from poor budgeting skills and lack financial knowledge, among others. However, it is unclear which individual lifestyles and attitudes influence the students' spending habits. This study, therefore, fills this gap with empirical evidence from accounting students in South Africa. Specifically, the study aims to investigate the existence of relationships between socio-demographic, attitudinal and lifestyle factors on the one hand and students' spending behaviour, on the other. Using an online structured questionnaire, we collected data from 290 accounting students at the University of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa, which was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The study finds that socio-demographic factors such as students' age and parental income have the greatest influence on students’ spending habits. Students' spending habits were also found to be influenced by attitudinal factors such as confidence in investment decision-making and shopping for necessities. Finally, it was observed that living an extravagant lifestyle, which includes purchasing branded clothing, compulsive shopping, the latest cell phones, and excessive alcohol purchases, were the primary cause of students' poor spending habits. These findings primarily support the social learning theory, implying that parents and/or guardians play an important role in shaping their children's spending habits.

Financial literacy is a critical factor that significantly impacts the success and achievement of small and medium enterprises' (SMEs) objectives. Unfortunately, many SMEs struggle with inadequate financial literacy, which hinders their ability to make informed decisions, manage resources effectively and drive growth. This knowledge gap can lead to poor financial planning, inefficient resource allocation and a lack of resilience, ultimately threatening the long-term sustainability of these businesses. By prioritising financial literacy, SMEs can enhance their capacity to develop realistic financial projections and budgets. This study investigated the level of financial literacy among small and medium enterprises (SMEs), examining both their knowledge and practical applications of financial concepts. Additionally, the research explored the correlation between SMEs' financial literacy and their socio-demographic characteristics, such as business size, industry, owner's age, education, and experience. A quantitative research approach was employed to achieve the study's objectives and primary data was collected through a questionnaire survey administered to a sample of 105 small and medium enterprises (SMEs) located in the uMgungundlovu District of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 23, leveraging both descriptive and inferential statistics to extract insights and meaning from the data. The findings of this study indicate that small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the uMgungundlovu District exhibit low levels of financial knowledge and practice. Notably, the research revealed significant positive correlations between financial knowledge and various factors, including: age, qualifications, number of employees and annual turnover. A positive relationship was also established between financial practice and annual turnover. This study recommends that stakeholders, for instance, government agencies and banks should organise financial education programmes that invest in improving financial practices of small and medium enterprises. It is also recommended that small and medium enterprises pursue short courses in basic accounting to improve their knowledge base.

This study examines the relationship between financial sustainability and the financial well-being of SME owners in Durban, South Africa. Utilising a quantitative research design, data were gathered through close-ended surveys from a diverse cross-section of SME owners, employing a cross-sectional approach.The study adopted a positivist philosophical framework, emphasising quantitative data analysis to derive conclusions. A total of 250 responses were collected, yielding a robust response rate of 82%. The analysis involved descriptive statistics and correlation analysis, with the correlation matrix revealing a positive, statistically significant correlation (r = 0.504, p < 0.05) between financial sustainability and financial well-being. The findings indicate that higher levels of financial sustainability are associated with greater financial well-being among SME owners, though the strength of this relationship is moderate. The regression analysis further supports this positive association, suggesting that interventions aimed at enhancing financial sustainability may significantly improve the financial well-being of SME owners. These results align with the theoretical framework of the Easterlin Paradox, which highlights the relative importance of financial stability in enhancing overall well-being. Based on these findings, several recommendations are proposed, including fostering financial literacy, enhancing access to financial resources, and promoting entrepreneurial collaboration.

The purpose of the study is aimed at determining the financial socialisation of accounting students at South African universities and the factors that influence financial socialisation. The research used statistical techniques such as the structural equation modelling methodology to identify financial socialisation influencers and regression analysis to analyse associations between financial socialisation and socio-demographic variables among 1582 students. The study's results indicate that financial socialisation agents such as relatives, friends, and social media have little impact on most students' financial decisions. The majority of accounting students are often found to be financially socialised by their immediate family members rather than peers or social media factors. The regression analysis results confirmed this observation, revealing a statistically significant association between the parents' level of education and the students' financial socialisation. This study recommends that financial socialisation can be greatly improved by raising parents' educational levels and instilling financial education in university students' curricula, especially in South Africa.