Explore the evidence.
Understand the reach.

The main aim of this research is to explore and analyse leadership in the very democratic Batak tribe in Indonesia from the perspective of Batak customary law. The research method used is normative juridical legal research with a qualitative descriptive analysis method approach and also uses an existing conceptual approach model on leadership to then generate new ideas. as well as processing primary data and secondary data. The findings of this study are that the leadership style resulting from Machiavelli's political philosophy tends to be expensive, and there is a political dowry. Then, leadership in the Trias Politics conception tends to manipulate and abuse power such as corruption, tyranny and dynastic power. As a result, gave birth to leaders who behave like immoral wolves, homo homini lupus. On the other hand, the leadership style of the Batak tribe from the perspective of Batak customary law tends to mean maintaining harmony, which is a noble cultural value in terms of organizational leadership related to social relations, a well-organized organization and power distributed evenly. Thus, it is hoped that this study will be useful for the government, legislators and other stakeholders to use as an idea and reference approach in making efforts to choose a harajaon leadership based on dalihan natolu, which is a medium that contains objective legal principles based on kinship, brotherhood and cooperation by the mandate of paragraph IV of the Preamble to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.

The criminalization of the use of cannabis also leads to the limitation of access to medicine and research to explore the benefit of drug choices related to cannabis substances. this article explores the negative consequences of Indonesian criminalization policy towards cannabis use in Indonesian drug law against human rights and to what extent the human rights regime should prevail over the war on drug narrative. The research uses the qualitative method with library research, laws and statutes analyses on cannabis personal use or policy on medical cannabis.

The existence of customary courts in Indonesia is still prevalent. It had been erased and brought back again by national law. The present customary court is used by the Toraja Tribe. This article answers the questions of how is the execution of customary court in Lembang Nanggala Sangpiasalu and whether or not Kombongan is still used. Both questions are answered through research using the socio-legal method. The authors conducted interviews with To Parenge traditional leaders and a few members of the Lembang Nanggala Sangpiasalu society. The results show that the customary court still uses Kombongan and also musyawarah (discussion), but it is no longer obligatory to use the four levels of hierarchy Kombongan has. Parties involved in a dispute settled by Kombongan may choose to proceed with the higher levels of Kombongan or settle it through the district court.

The purpose of this research is to study and analyze the characteristics of dispute resolution in a wetland environment through the integration of environmental aspects, culture and empowerment of rural communities. A life that is safe, orderly and peaceful, is the life of human society so that every dispute needs to be resolved. In fact, the principle of justice is simple, fast and low cost for most people. This research method uses a socio-juridical (socio-legal) approach using an interdisciplinary or "hybrid" approach between aspects of normative legal research with a sociological approach using qualitative analysis. The results show that through the settlement of disputes based on deliberation to reach consensus (badamai) based on local wisdom that grows and develops in communities in wetland areas, it is hoped that it will be able to expand access to justice in rural communities and reduce the burden of cases on formal channels. This requires a forum as an institution that facilitates the settlement of disputes outside the court at the village level.   

The main aim of this research is to explore and analyse leadership in the very democratic Batak tribe in Indonesia from the perspective of Batak customary law. The research method used is normative juridical legal research with a qualitative descriptive analysis method approach and also uses an existing conceptual approach model on leadership to then generate new ideas. as well as processing primary data and secondary data. The findings of this study are that the leadership style resulting from Machiavelli's political philosophy tends to be expensive, and there is a political dowry. Then, leadership in the Trias Politics conception tends to manipulate and abuse power such as corruption, tyranny and dynastic power. As a result, gave birth to leaders who behave like immoral wolves, homo homini lupus. On the other hand, the leadership style of the Batak tribe from the perspective of Batak customary law tends to mean maintaining harmony, which is a noble cultural value in terms of organizational leadership related to social relations, a well-organized organization and power distributed evenly. Thus, it is hoped that this study will be useful for the government, legislators and other stakeholders to use as an idea and reference approach in making efforts to choose a harajaon leadership based on dalihan natolu, which is a medium that contains objective legal principles based on kinship, brotherhood and cooperation by the mandate of paragraph IV of the Preamble to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.

The criminalization of the use of cannabis also leads to the limitation of access to medicine and research to explore the benefit of drug choices related to cannabis substances. this article explores the negative consequences of Indonesian criminalization policy towards cannabis use in Indonesian drug law against human rights and to what extent the human rights regime should prevail over the war on drug narrative. The research uses the qualitative method with library research, laws and statutes analyses on cannabis personal use or policy on medical cannabis.

The existence of customary courts in Indonesia is still prevalent. It had been erased and brought back again by national law. The present customary court is used by the Toraja Tribe. This article answers the questions of how is the execution of customary court in Lembang Nanggala Sangpiasalu and whether or not Kombongan is still used. Both questions are answered through research using the socio-legal method. The authors conducted interviews with To Parenge traditional leaders and a few members of the Lembang Nanggala Sangpiasalu society. The results show that the customary court still uses Kombongan and also musyawarah (discussion), but it is no longer obligatory to use the four levels of hierarchy Kombongan has. Parties involved in a dispute settled by Kombongan may choose to proceed with the higher levels of Kombongan or settle it through the district court.

The purpose of this research is to study and analyze the characteristics of dispute resolution in a wetland environment through the integration of environmental aspects, culture and empowerment of rural communities. A life that is safe, orderly and peaceful, is the life of human society so that every dispute needs to be resolved. In fact, the principle of justice is simple, fast and low cost for most people. This research method uses a socio-juridical (socio-legal) approach using an interdisciplinary or "hybrid" approach between aspects of normative legal research with a sociological approach using qualitative analysis. The results show that through the settlement of disputes based on deliberation to reach consensus (badamai) based on local wisdom that grows and develops in communities in wetland areas, it is hoped that it will be able to expand access to justice in rural communities and reduce the burden of cases on formal channels. This requires a forum as an institution that facilitates the settlement of disputes outside the court at the village level.