Explore the evidence.
Understand the reach.

The purpose of this essay is to discuss the phases and challenges of the explanatory sequential design (ESD hereinafter) of mixed methods research (MMR hereinafter) by reviewing relevant literature. The literature was explored during the design stage of a Ph.D. project that sought to examine the relationship among social capital, education, and employment for foreign students graduating from several Estonian universities. The review finds that the explanatory sequential design of MMR is much more complex than just sequencing how and what kind of data to collect; it also entails selecting how data will be processed and presented using a range of techniques that are often riddled with difficulties. By addressing these ideas, this paper will aid those interested in comprehending the summary of the explanatory sequential design of MMR.

The study aimed to determine the correlation between self-efficacy and work performance as mediated by the work environment. To support the theory of study, literature was reviewed. The study used the descriptive correlational research design and to gather the data, questionnaires were used. The population of the study was all the faculty and employees of the Divine Word Colleges in the Ilocos Region, Philippines. The study found that their self-efficacy is high and it affects the work performance specifically task and contextual work performance but no correlation with the counterproductive behavior. The study found that work environment affects self-efficacy and work performance along with the three dimensions such as task performance, contextual performance, and counterproductive work behavior. Therefore, the hypotheses of the study are accepted.

The main purpose of this study is to measure up to what extent the independent factors defined by capital adequacy ratio, non-performing loans ratio, cost-income ratio, liquidity ratio, and loans-to-deposits ratio impact the financial performance of sixteen commercial banks operating in the United Arab Emirates using panel data for the period of 2013-2019. The secondary data was collected from banks and examined by applying standard descriptive statistics and the random effect model for hypothesis testing. It is concluded from the regression outcomes that non-performing loans ratio and cost-income ratio have a significant negative impact on commercial banks profitability in the United Arab Emirates, while capital adequacy ratio, liquidity ratio, and loans -to-deposits ratio all have a very weak positive relationship on the return on assets but they are not determinants of bank’s profitability due to the insignificant statistical impact on it. It is therefore suggested that to enhance financial performance and minimize the risk of non-performing loans in the future, banks must watch very carefully the loans’ performance and analyze thoroughly the clients’ credit history and ability to pay back their debts prior to any approval of loan applications. Furthermore, banks should continuously improve their assets utilization, liquidity, and techniques of managing operating costs, improve the impact of capital adequacy, and the use of deposits for lending activities from a weak positive impact to a significant positive impact on their profitability. The researchers recommend that future studies on credit risk management influence on banks’ financial performance should consider more independent variables and longer periods of study such as twenty or thirty years to have more accuracy and generalized results.  

This study aims to examine the effect of competence, independence, experience, and audit time pressure on fraud detection by using the mediation of professional skepticism in the context of internal auditors for the public sector. The research data were obtained through a survey questionnaire on 173 auditors of the Inspectorate General of the Ministry of Education and Culture. The analysis technique in this study used Partial Least Square (PLS). The results showed that competence, independence and audit time pressure had no effect on the ability to detect fraud. Meanwhile, the auditor's experience and professional skepticism had a positive effect on fraud detection. The application of professional skepticism was proven as a mediating variable in the effect of competence, independence, experience and audit time pressure on fraud detection. Auditors’ competence, independence, and experience had a positive effect on professional skepticism and audit time pressure had a negative effect on professional skepticism. The results of this study provide an input that the importance of applying professional skepticism could improve fraud detection.

The study aims to determine the correlation between organizational climate and work engagement of the employees. To strengthen the theory of the study, related literature was reviewed. The study used a descriptive correlational research design. To gather the data, questionnaires were used. The population of the study was all faculty and employees of the colleges in the Ilocos region. Since it is a quantitative study, the statistic was used to interpret the data. The weighted mean was used to determine the average mean of different organizational climate dimensions and different dimensions of work engagement, while Pearson r Correlation was used to determine the correlation between the organizational climate and work engagement of the employees. The results indicate that there is a significant correlation between organizational climate and work engagement of employees.

The unit of analysis in this study is local government data from Indonesia. The goal of this research is to identify the impact of fiscal stress and citizen trust on digital and green innovation strategies. This study also seeks to as certain the impact of digital and green innovation strategies on the impact of fiscal stress and citizen trust on sustainable financial performance. This research uses a descriptive verification method in conjunction with a quantitative approach. Path analysis is an analytical method used in the processing of statistical data. The research samples in this study are 148 Regional Apparatus Organizations (OPD) from East Java Province. The tests showed that fiscal pressure and citizen trust have a significant impact on digital and green innovation strategies. The test results also show that fiscal stress and digital and green innovation strategies have a significant effect on sustainable financial performance, whereas citizen trust has no significant effect on sustainable financial performance. Simultaneously, digital and green innovation strategy are critical for mitigating the impact of fiscal stress and increasing citizens' trust sustainable financial performance.

This study aims to determine the application of Accounting Information Systems in micro, small and medium enterprises in Malang Raya. With a population of entrepreneurs of trade and services and industry in Malang with a sample of 200 respondents. The form of research is interpretive research with primary data, and data collection is a survey using a questionnaire. The study results indicate that many micro and small companies in Malang Raya have implemented accounting information systems but have not been able to perfectly compile complete financial reports that can be used for economic decision-making. However, medium-sized companies have started to make perfect records. Accounting information systems include purchasing systems, sales systems, production systems, cash disbursements, and cash receipts systems.

This paper is driven by the vast influence oil money have on the current account balance of major oil producing countries in Africa and the role policy measures could play to soften these effects. Dwelling on the nonlinear techniques, two types of Threshold Regression were used to estimate data on 8 African countries from 1995-2019. The results show evidence of nonlinear impacts of oil revenue on the current account balances of the 8 countries. The nature of the impact relies significantly on the levels of the threshold variable. Precisely, the estimated threshold benchmark for financial development was 33.34; below this threshold the sensitivity of current account balance to crude-oil shocks is higher and the probability of policy measures to mitigate the effects is low and, beyond the threshold the sensitivity of current account balance to crude-oil shocks is low and the probability of policy measure to mitigate the effects is higher. The finding suggested among others that crude-oil shocks is not the primary problem of the current account imbalance of oil-exporting countries rather the nature of the domestic economic policy environment.

Financial inclusion has become a topic of discussion in emerging and developing nations since the majority of people continue to lack access to either formal or informal financial services. In many countries, the post office is seen as a vehicle for financial inclusion due to its extensive network. In addition, with the decline in sales of their core business, traditional mail has exacerbated the need for the post office to venture into financial services whilst simultaneously answering the call to bridge the gap in society, especially for the un-banked and under-banked communities. Moreover, there is a need for post-offices to protect their long-term vitality as a business. This paper provides a theoretical perspective of financial inclusion, the role that the post office can play and the challenges preventing an effective rollout of financial services. This review can help postal managers, governments and policy-makers to understand how they can effectively use the post office to serve the un-banked communities. In addition, the study has enriched the academic discourse by providing literature on postal financial services and financial inclusion.

Collapse of companies in Kenya has been on the rise in the recent past. Far reaching endeavors to resuscitate these liquidating and ailing firms have generally been attributed on their corporate financial management decisions.  Multinationals and KTDA managed tea firms in Kenya have been performing poorly in the recent past where audited financial statements and reports revealed a warning signal on its financial performance. Specific objectives of the study were to determine the effect of the accounts receivables period, accounts payables period, inventory conversion period, cash conversion cycle, financing policy, investing policy and moderating effect of ownership structure on financial performance. The study illustrated that accounts receivables collection period is negatively related to return on assets (? = -0.1299, p=0.0160),  accounts payables payment period is negatively related to return on assets (? = -0.0843, p = 0.0070), inventory conversion period is negatively related to return on assets (?= -0.0623, p=0.0180), cash conversion cycle is negatively related to return on assets (? = -0.1107, p = 0.0030), financing policy is positively related to return on assets (? = 0.1589, p = 0.0000), investing policy is positively related to return on assets (? = 0.0291, p = 0.0000).