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This research was conducted to explore the factors predicting the Entrepreneurial Intention among female entrepreneurs in the Balinese tourism industry. The theory of planned behaviour (TPB) framework was utilised as the mediating variables, while Exposure to Role Models, Psychological Characteristics, Entrepreneurship Education, and Access to Financial Capital are used as the exogenous variables. This study used a quantitative method by employing the Likert scale for the questionnaires with a total of 352 respondents and analysed using the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). This study found that Psychological Characteristics and Entrepreneurship Education had an indirect influence on Entrepreneurial Intention through the mediating variables of Personal Attitude and Perceived Behavioural Control. Access to Financial Capital was also found to have an indirect influence on Entrepreneurial Intention with the Perceived Behavioural Control as the mediating variable

This paper was anchored on a pragmatic research paradigm. The study used a cross-sectional survey where a self-semi structured questionnaire was administered to collect the primary data from the target population who were youth-owned SMEs. The study was limited to 135 youth-owned enterprises where 357 employees were selected randomly to form the study sample; the key respondents of the study were limited to owner-managers of small and micro enterprises and top management employees. The questionnaires were tested for reliability and validity. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study revealed that there is a significant relationship between youth-owned. The study revealed that entrepreneurship networking has a significant effect on the performance of the agro-processing SMEs owned by the youths. However, there is a need for SMEs to further establish networks outside their business circle and seek networks with other bigger firms in the market. The study, therefore, recommends that there is a need for SMEs to invest more in social media marketing and networking of the SMEs for improved performance.

Recognising the relevance of entrepreneurship, most African universities have made significant input into delivering Entrepreneurial Education in Higher Educational Institutions. However, the rising number of graduate unemployment raises concerns with regard to quality of educational content, and programmes. This study sought to investigate the impact of entrepreneurship course content on entrepreneurial intention and the mediation of individual entrepreneurial characteristics and also to investigate if graduates’ exposure to extra entrepreneurship training and university programme type does account for differences in individual entrepreneurial characteristics. A context-specific framework that explains entrepreneurial intention as a function of course content, programmes type, and extra entrepreneurial training is tested based on data from 400 undergraduate students and 400 graduates from eight Ghanaian universities. Evidence from the model reveals that entrepreneurial course content did impact entrepreneur Intention, however, this impact is partially mediated by the attitudes, perceived behavioural control and subjective norms of Ghanaian students and graduates. Again, while it was found that extra entrepreneurial training did account for differences in individual entrepreneurial characteristics and entrepreneurial intention of graduates, the difference due to programme type was not significant. Theoretical, policy and practical implications findings of this study are discussed.

Science-based firms (SBFs) are venture or corporation based on the development and commercialization of scientific discoveries that are exposed to the unique challenge to handle together business and science. Despite extensive efforts in the attempt to identify those factors that lead to the success of an SBFs the adoption of different definitions and names resulted in a lack of comprehensive picture on the determinants of SBFs' performances. With the objective to review the extant literature on SBFs’ performances and to understand what are the most appropriate parameters to evaluate an SBF, a systematic literature review adopting a comprehensive definition of SBFs was performed. The review, adopting an integrative approach, identified 30 papers published in top journals whose research questions deal with the determinants of SBFs' performances. Findings showed that determinants widely used such as net income within profitability measures, do not fully reflect SBFs performances and innovation abilities should be further investigated. Moreover, preconceived factors such as location and size have low or no impact on SBFs which opens the debate for more investigation. Also, the review identifies a comprehensive and multi-level set of determinants which allows delineating a number of research questions to be addressed in future research.

The growing number of café businesses makes undergraduate students attracting to the enterprise. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy (ESE) on entrepreneurial intention with the mediating role of attitude toward entrepreneurship. This study is providing questionnaires on the respondent. Total respondents are from 92 undergraduate students as the owner of a cafe business in Surabaya, Indonesia. This study examines two hypotheses by smart PLS. Entrepreneurial self-efficacy has a significant and positive influence on entrepreneurial intention. Attitude toward entrepreneurial is partially mediating the relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy with entrepreneurial intention. Entrepreneurial self-efficacy includes beliefs about the capabilities of achieving desired outcomes as well as beliefs about one's abilities to complete tasks. ESE is crucial to building entrepreneurial intention because the survival of a business does not merely depend on success but also seeks opportunities in business development. Entrepreneurial self-efficacy is a crucial factor that should be had by the undergraduate student as an owner of a business. By having a higher entrepreneurial self-efficacy, the better impact on an entrepreneur has perceived competence for successfully starting a new enterprise.

Recognising the relevance of entrepreneurship, most African universities have made significant input into delivering Entrepreneurial Education in Higher Educational Institutions. However, the rising number of graduate unemployment raises concerns with regard to quality of educational content, and programmes. This study sought to investigate the impact of entrepreneurship course content on entrepreneurial intention and the mediation of individual entrepreneurial characteristics and also to investigate if graduates’ exposure to extra entrepreneurship training and university programme type does account for differences in individual entrepreneurial characteristics. A context-specific framework that explains entrepreneurial intention as a function of course content, programmes type, and extra entrepreneurial training is tested based on data from 400 undergraduate students and 400 graduates from eight Ghanaian universities. Evidence from the model reveals that entrepreneurial course content did impact entrepreneur Intention, however, this impact is partially mediated by the attitudes, perceived behavioural control and subjective norms of Ghanaian students and graduates. Again, while it was found that extra entrepreneurial training did account for differences in individual entrepreneurial characteristics and entrepreneurial intention of graduates, the difference due to programme type was not significant. Theoretical, policy and practical implications findings of this study are discussed.

The growing number of café businesses makes undergraduate students attracting to the enterprise. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy (ESE) on entrepreneurial intention with the mediating role of attitude toward entrepreneurship. This study is providing questionnaires on the respondent. Total respondents are from 92 undergraduate students as the owner of a cafe business in Surabaya, Indonesia. This study examines two hypotheses by smart PLS. Entrepreneurial self-efficacy has a significant and positive influence on entrepreneurial intention. Attitude toward entrepreneurial is partially mediating the relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy with entrepreneurial intention. Entrepreneurial self-efficacy includes beliefs about the capabilities of achieving desired outcomes as well as beliefs about one's abilities to complete tasks. ESE is crucial to building entrepreneurial intention because the survival of a business does not merely depend on success but also seeks opportunities in business development. Entrepreneurial self-efficacy is a crucial factor that should be had by the undergraduate student as an owner of a business. By having a higher entrepreneurial self-efficacy, the better impact on an entrepreneur has perceived competence for successfully starting a new enterprise.

This paper was anchored on a pragmatic research paradigm. The study used a cross-sectional survey where a self-semi structured questionnaire was administered to collect the primary data from the target population who were youth-owned SMEs. The study was limited to 135 youth-owned enterprises where 357 employees were selected randomly to form the study sample; the key respondents of the study were limited to owner-managers of small and micro enterprises and top management employees. The questionnaires were tested for reliability and validity. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study revealed that there is a significant relationship between youth-owned. The study revealed that entrepreneurship networking has a significant effect on the performance of the agro-processing SMEs owned by the youths. However, there is a need for SMEs to further establish networks outside their business circle and seek networks with other bigger firms in the market. The study, therefore, recommends that there is a need for SMEs to invest more in social media marketing and networking of the SMEs for improved performance.

Science-based firms (SBFs) are venture or corporation based on the development and commercialization of scientific discoveries that are exposed to the unique challenge to handle together business and science. Despite extensive efforts in the attempt to identify those factors that lead to the success of an SBFs the adoption of different definitions and names resulted in a lack of comprehensive picture on the determinants of SBFs' performances. With the objective to review the extant literature on SBFs’ performances and to understand what are the most appropriate parameters to evaluate an SBF, a systematic literature review adopting a comprehensive definition of SBFs was performed. The review, adopting an integrative approach, identified 30 papers published in top journals whose research questions deal with the determinants of SBFs' performances. Findings showed that determinants widely used such as net income within profitability measures, do not fully reflect SBFs performances and innovation abilities should be further investigated. Moreover, preconceived factors such as location and size have low or no impact on SBFs which opens the debate for more investigation. Also, the review identifies a comprehensive and multi-level set of determinants which allows delineating a number of research questions to be addressed in future research.

This research was conducted to explore the factors predicting the Entrepreneurial Intention among female entrepreneurs in the Balinese tourism industry. The theory of planned behaviour (TPB) framework was utilised as the mediating variables, while Exposure to Role Models, Psychological Characteristics, Entrepreneurship Education, and Access to Financial Capital are used as the exogenous variables. This study used a quantitative method by employing the Likert scale for the questionnaires with a total of 352 respondents and analysed using the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). This study found that Psychological Characteristics and Entrepreneurship Education had an indirect influence on Entrepreneurial Intention through the mediating variables of Personal Attitude and Perceived Behavioural Control. Access to Financial Capital was also found to have an indirect influence on Entrepreneurial Intention with the Perceived Behavioural Control as the mediating variable