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Tax compliance and evasion pose significant challenges to tax authorities in South Africa and other countries. In recent times, corporate governance issues have increasingly involved tax compliance. This study focuses on unresolved audit issues with the South African Revenue Service (SARS), expensive litigation, and lengthy arbitration with the tax Ombudsman. These issues are complicated by legal elucidations, legislative components, and regulatory frameworks. The paper aims to clarify the purpose of a tax legal audit expert at SARS in the initial phases of an audit procedure.  To answer this research question, a thorough mapping review using methodical, technique-based literature evaluation was conducted. The study found that the lack of skilled tax legal audit experts hampers the effectiveness and efficiency of tax audits. Therefore, tax authorities must invest in the skills of tax legal audit experts to improve audit outcomes.

This study aims to analyze GR No. 55 of 2022 with regulations that have an impact on previous regulations. The analysis technique used is qualitative with several approaches. The qualitative descriptive approach analysis technique analyzes the comparison of GR No. 55 of 2022 and the Miles and Hubermen approach analysis technique is used in the policy study of GR No. 55 of 2022. Data collection techniques by collaborating literature study techniques with in-depth interviews with academic and practitioner informants. The main findings of the study identified that a significant change in GR No. 55 of 2022 is the regulation of benefit-in-kind from non-taxable to taxable income. The determination of the value of benefit-in-kind can create room for disputes due to differences in perceptions arising from the valuation of benefit-in-kind based on the market price. This potential dispute becomes a reference for further regulation by the tax authority. The results of this study contribute to MSME taxpayers in fulfilling GR No. 55 of 2022 as an application of tax liability compliance.

This study examines the impact of the roles of internal and external accountants on taxpayer compliance in moderation of good corporate governance. This study uses explanatory research with a quantitative approach. The population for this study was corporate taxpayers registered with the KPP Masuk Bursa Company (PMB) for the 2018–2020 fiscal year. Purposive sampling was used in this study, and the sample size was 78 companies’ data. Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) was used to analyze the data. Techniques for collecting data include literature research and documentation. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) analyzed the data. The findings of this study indicate that the role of internal accountants, as proxied by the timeliness of financial report submission, has a significant positive effect on corporate taxpayer compliance. In addition, the role of external auditors, as represented by audit opinion, has a significant and positive impact on taxpayer compliance. Furthermore, GCG can moderate or strengthen the impact of internal and external accountants on taxpayer compliance. The position of internal accountants and the role of external accountants can both improve corporate taxpayer compliance.    

Identifying the motives for business formalization is important for policy-making and the smooth coordination of entrepreneurs in Tanzania. This paper employs four machine learning (ML) models to investigate the effects of several contingents and institutional factors on SME formalization in Tanzania. Using an updated large dataset of the World bank enterprise survey in 2013, this research relies on 698 firms level data and 37 explanatory variables. The feature importance through SHAP values analysis proves that firm location in a business city, sales revenue, number of full-time employees, firm experience in the sector, and internal and external finance are the most significant factors that positively affect SME's formalization. This paper will be a reference for the actors and stakeholders in business and entrepreneurship to make good policies to drive business formalization in Tanzania.

Tax compliance and evasion pose significant challenges to tax authorities in South Africa and other countries. In recent times, corporate governance issues have increasingly involved tax compliance. This study focuses on unresolved audit issues with the South African Revenue Service (SARS), expensive litigation, and lengthy arbitration with the tax Ombudsman. These issues are complicated by legal elucidations, legislative components, and regulatory frameworks. The paper aims to clarify the purpose of a tax legal audit expert at SARS in the initial phases of an audit procedure.  To answer this research question, a thorough mapping review using methodical, technique-based literature evaluation was conducted. The study found that the lack of skilled tax legal audit experts hampers the effectiveness and efficiency of tax audits. Therefore, tax authorities must invest in the skills of tax legal audit experts to improve audit outcomes.

This study aims to analyze GR No. 55 of 2022 with regulations that have an impact on previous regulations. The analysis technique used is qualitative with several approaches. The qualitative descriptive approach analysis technique analyzes the comparison of GR No. 55 of 2022 and the Miles and Hubermen approach analysis technique is used in the policy study of GR No. 55 of 2022. Data collection techniques by collaborating literature study techniques with in-depth interviews with academic and practitioner informants. The main findings of the study identified that a significant change in GR No. 55 of 2022 is the regulation of benefit-in-kind from non-taxable to taxable income. The determination of the value of benefit-in-kind can create room for disputes due to differences in perceptions arising from the valuation of benefit-in-kind based on the market price. This potential dispute becomes a reference for further regulation by the tax authority. The results of this study contribute to MSME taxpayers in fulfilling GR No. 55 of 2022 as an application of tax liability compliance.

This study examines the impact of the roles of internal and external accountants on taxpayer compliance in moderation of good corporate governance. This study uses explanatory research with a quantitative approach. The population for this study was corporate taxpayers registered with the KPP Masuk Bursa Company (PMB) for the 2018–2020 fiscal year. Purposive sampling was used in this study, and the sample size was 78 companies’ data. Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) was used to analyze the data. Techniques for collecting data include literature research and documentation. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) analyzed the data. The findings of this study indicate that the role of internal accountants, as proxied by the timeliness of financial report submission, has a significant positive effect on corporate taxpayer compliance. In addition, the role of external auditors, as represented by audit opinion, has a significant and positive impact on taxpayer compliance. Furthermore, GCG can moderate or strengthen the impact of internal and external accountants on taxpayer compliance. The position of internal accountants and the role of external accountants can both improve corporate taxpayer compliance.    

Identifying the motives for business formalization is important for policy-making and the smooth coordination of entrepreneurs in Tanzania. This paper employs four machine learning (ML) models to investigate the effects of several contingents and institutional factors on SME formalization in Tanzania. Using an updated large dataset of the World bank enterprise survey in 2013, this research relies on 698 firms level data and 37 explanatory variables. The feature importance through SHAP values analysis proves that firm location in a business city, sales revenue, number of full-time employees, firm experience in the sector, and internal and external finance are the most significant factors that positively affect SME's formalization. This paper will be a reference for the actors and stakeholders in business and entrepreneurship to make good policies to drive business formalization in Tanzania.