Grassroots Activism in shaping Modern Social Movements in South Africa: An analysis of Cycles of Protest Theory, from apartheid to post-apartheid

Abstract

This paper analyses the influence of grassroots action on contemporary social movements in South Africa via the lens of protest cycle theory. It examines critical movements such as anti-apartheid activism, labour strikes, and contemporary grassroots initiatives, asserting that social movements are influenced by political, economic, and social factors, including state repression, socio-economic disparities, and civil society. The paper conducts a qualitative examination of movement trajectories, identifying specific mobilisation periods and external elements such as organisational structures, leadership, and local conditions. It demonstrates that cycles of protest signify societal tensions and the persistent quest for justice and equality in South Africa. The results enhance the comprehension of social movements in the Global South and underscore the significance of contextualised analysis in the examination of collective action.

Keywords: {'name': 'Social Movements, Cycle of Protest, Civic Organisations, Collective Action, Civil Society, Grassroots Organisations, Democracy, Apartheid Regime, South Africa, Global South.'}

Authors & affiliations

Bernard Nthambeleni
University of Venda

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