4 IR-based capacity-building for improved service delivery and municipal readiness in South Africa
Mncedisi Ncamphalala · Shikha Vyas-Doorgapersad ORCID ↗
International Journal of Business Ecosystem & Strategy · 2025 · Vol. 7 / Issue 2 · 207-218
Publication metrics
External links open provider records or DOI searches. Provider counts are not combined. Mendeley readership measures saves, not citations.
Dimensions
Live provider badge. If unavailable, use the Dimensions link above.
Observed 21 Oct 2026, 00:14 UTC
Observed 22 Oct 2026 01:10 UTC
Observed 21 Oct 2026 23:01 UTC
OpenAlex and Mendeley observations refresh on article visits, at most once per 24 hours. Unavailable data is not zero. Google Scholar opens a DOI search.
Citations received by this article, grouped by the year of the citing work. Crossref and OpenAlex lifetime totals remain separate in Publication metrics.
2017–2026 Annual history last updated:
Citations received
OpenAlex · year of the citing work
Hover over a year or focus the chart and use arrow keys to inspect values.
2017–2026 annual-history window. 2026 is year to date. Unknown years have gaps.
View data & coverage
2026 is incomplete. Within a successfully fetched ten-year window, omitted years mean zero. Years beyond a saved observation’s window remain unknown (—). Older citations are excluded, so this chart’s sum may differ from the OpenAlex lifetime total. The date above belongs to this annual history; an unsuccessful refresh keeps the previous observation.
Abstract
Capacity-building is a multifaceted strategy for developing competencies within entities, crucial for enhancing current skill sets. Moreover, capacity-building is the intervention that all organisations must consolidate necessary resources to enhance effectiveness and productivity. Consequently, South African towns must enhance their capabilities to implement superior public service delivery models. The paper intends to examine the importance of capacity-building interventions in South African municipalities. The primary inquiry posed in the study is, 'What factors impede the efficient implementation of service delivery in South African municipalities?' The research is qualitative and collects data from secondary sources. The literature indicates that capacity-building is successful only when all forms of capacity—institutional, network, and organizational—receive equal consideration, akin to the approach traditional organisations take with individual employee performance. It is essential to recognise the connection between capacity-building and service delivery, with the former deemed a critical necessity for municipalities in the Republic. Consequently, the study underscored the significant necessity for capacity-building within municipalities. The data was evaluated by content analysis. The findings indicate that potential exist in adopting 4IR-based service delivery within the broader context and specifically in municipal governance. This is essential as the capacity-building activities for enhanced smart governance depend on the many tools and practices defining the Fourth Industrial Revolution.
Keywords: {'name': 'Fourth Industrial Revolution, Municipalities, Qualitative Approach, Service Delivery, South Africa.'}
Authors & affiliations
Mncedisi Ncamphalala
Affiliation not supplied
Shikha Vyas-Doorgapersad
Affiliation not supplied
Deposited references
Supplied references, not a list of publications citing this article.
Abdul, R., Hamdan, Y., Yahya, M., & Shanudin, Z. (2002). Information technology. Malaysia: McGraw-Hill.
Adler, E. S., & Clark, R. (2011). An invitation to social research: How it’s done. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-47416-8
DOI: 10.1177/097215091001100213
DOI: 10.1080/09537325.2018.1542129
DOI: 10.7208/chicago/9780226041223.001.0001
DOI: 10.4324/9780203088579
DOI: 10.4324/9780203088579-10
DOI: 10.5430/rwe.v11n5p208
Bureau for Economic Research (BER). (2021). SA’s municipal challenges and their impact on local economic development. https://www.sun.ac.za/english/faculty/economy/spl/SPL%20Library/BER%202021%20SAs%20Municipal%20Challenges_Final.pdf
DOI: 10.1177/0266666915593786
Corruption Watch. (2019). E-Governance: A Useful Anti-Corruption Tool? Available: https://www.corruptionwatch.org.za/e-governance-useful-anti-corruption-tool/ (Accessed 09 May 2024).
DOI: 10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.18332
Diplomacy Foundation. (2021). The Capacity-building Matrix. Retrieved online from: https://www.diplomacy.edu/capacity-building/ (Accessed: 14 June 2022).
DOI: 10.1016/j.aglobe.2021.100021
DOI: 10.1080/09585192.2019.1642645
Gumede, N. W. (2017). Human capital development in South Africa: Perspectives on education in the post-apartheid era. Pretoria: University of South Africa. (Dissertation-Masters).
DOI: 10.1002/smj.421
Hassen, T. H. (2015). Policy capacity-building in the Ethiopian civil service. Pretoria: University of South Africa. (Thesis-PhD).
Hlangani, A. (2020). Online learning proves crucial during Covid-19 lockdown as Vodacom e-school registrations spike dramatically. Available: https://www.news24.com/life/Archive/online-learning-proves-crucial-during-covid-19-lockdown-as-vodacom-e-school-registrations-spike-dramatically-20200414 (Accessed: 15 May 2023).
DOI: 10.4324/9781315089904
DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-0983-1_16
DOI: 10.4135/9781483395982.n22
DOI: 10.1109/SEA-STEM53614.2021.9668169
DOI: 10.1108/17506161111114671
DOI: 10.1177/0269094218773933
Leavy, P. (2017). Research design: Quantitative, qualitative, mixed methods, arts-based, and community-based participatory research approaches. London: The Guilford Press.
DOI: 10.1111/jsbm.12449
DOI: 10.4324/9781912281152
Machika, D. M. (2014). Capacity-building programmes for the skills development of employees at the Gauteng Department of Education. Vanderbijlpark: North-West University. (Dissertation: Masters).
Mangwanya, M. G., & Uwizeyimana, D. E. (2021). Challenges implementing the fourth industrial revolution: South African rural health system. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 15(10), 726-743.
DOI: 10.1504/IJMP.2021.115098
DOI: 10.36615/jcsa.v32i2.1638
DOI: 10.1177/2631684618821566
DOI: 10.4324/9780203850817
Milen, A. (2001). What do we know about capacity-building? An overview of existing knowledge and good practice. Geneva: World Health Organization.
DOI: 10.1108/10662240910981380
DOI: 10.47814/ijssrr.v7i3.1992
Morgan, P. (2006). The concept of capacity. Maastricht: European Centre for Development Policy Management.
Mpinganjira, M. (2012). Diffusion of e-government services: Citizen’s perspective. Public Administration, 47(2), 500-517.
Mtshali, T. L., & Jili, N. N. (2022). The effectiveness of 4IR technologies in elevating small-scale farming at Kwadlangezwa, Kwazulu-Natal in South Africa. International Journal of eBusiness and eGovernment Studies, 14(1), 388-408.
Mukwevho, E. A. (2015). Capacity-building as a means to enhance effective service delivery in the Public Service: A Case of Vhembe District Municipality. Alice: University of Fort Hare. (Thesis-PhD).
Munyoka, W., & Manzira, F. M. (2013). E-Government adoption in developing countries: The case of South Africa. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Cloud Computing and eGovernance (p. 53).
Muridzi, G. (2019). Framework for e-governance to improve service delivery for local authorities in South Africa. Potchefstroom: North-West University (Thesis-PhD).
DOI: 10.4102/apsdpr.v7i1.318
DOI: 10.4324/9780429423567
Ndou, S. D. (2015). The effect of capacity-building training programmes on municipal practitioners in selected municipalities within the Capricorn District Municipality, Limpopo Province. Sovenga: University of Limpopo (Thesis-PhD).
Paterson, A., McGrath, S., & Badroodien, A. (2005). The National Skills Survey. Pretoria: Human Sciences Research Council.
Pillay, K. N. (2012). E-government in South Africa: Predictors to failure and success. Unpublished Dissertation. Johannesburg: University of Witwatersrand.
DOI: 10.15270/57-3-947
Republic of South Africa (RSA). (1997). Batho Pele White Paper 1997. Pretoria: Government Printer.
DOI: 10.4324/9781003116684
Schwab, K. (2016). The Fourth Industrial Revolution. Geneva: World Economic Forum.
Shah, J. (2017). Exploratory Research on Smart Cities: Theory, Policy and Practice. New Delhi: Peer Experience and Reflective Learning.
DOI: 10.1017/9781108762519.002
Uwizeyimana, D. E. (2015). Mobile phones as means for extending e-governance in rural areas of Sub-Saharan Africa. African Journal of Public Affairs, 8(4), 151-170.
DOI: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2022.102064
DOI: 10.1108/JMD-06-2018-0181
DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1328-3