Analysing the role of fingerprint identification as a tool to secure conviction in court: A case study of thohoyandou police station, vhembe district, Limpopo

Abstract

The research project examines the significance of forensic investigation within the field of Criminal Justice, focusing specifically on the role of fingerprint identification as a tool to secure convictions in the court of law. The study explored how forensic science, particularly fingerprint analysis, contributes to criminal investigations and judicial outcomes. Over the past few decades, various studies have revealed instances where innocent individuals were wrongfully convicted, highlighting the urgent need for reliable forensic evidence and expert input to strengthen the justice system. A qualitative case study design was employed, focusing on the Thohoyandou Police Station in the Vhembe District of Limpopo Province. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with twelve (20) participants from SAPS, supported by the analysis of selected case files, court judgments, and forensic reports. Purposive sample was utilised to select sample who are vested with experience of forensics field work and prosecutions. The data were thematically analysed to identify key patterns and challenges in the use of fingerprint evidence. The findings revealed that fingerprint identification plays a significant role in linking suspects to crime scenes and contributes to securing convictions. However, challenges such as inadequate training, lack of modern forensic tools, delays in laboratory processing, and weak chain-of-custody documentation often reduce its effectiveness. The study recommends continuous professional development for investigators, improved forensic infrastructure, and enhanced coordination between investigators, forensic experts, and prosecutors. Strengthening these aspects will improve the reliability of fingerprint evidence, promote justice, and prevent wrongful convictions.

Keywords: {'name': 'Fingerprint identification, Forensic investigation, Criminal Justice, South Africa, SAPS'}

Authors & affiliations

Matimu Maringa
University of Venda

Azwihangwisi Nelson Mulaudzi
University of Venda

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