THE IMPACT OF FIRM CHARACTERISTICS ON THE LEVEL OF VOLUNTARY DISCLOSURE:
Isam Abdelhafid A. Milad · Ali Altug Bicer
International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies · 2020 · Vol. 9 / Issue 2 · 13-25
Publication metrics
External links open provider records or DOI searches. Provider counts are not combined. Mendeley readership measures saves, not citations.
Dimensions
Live provider badge. If unavailable, use the Dimensions link above.
Observed 21 Oct 2026, 00:21 UTC
Observed 22 Oct 2026 02:22 UTC
Observed 22 Oct 2026 02:22 UTC
OpenAlex and Mendeley observations refresh on article visits, at most once per 24 hours. Unavailable data is not zero. Google Scholar opens a DOI search.
Citations received by this article, grouped by the year of the citing work. Crossref and OpenAlex lifetime totals remain separate in Publication metrics.
2017–2026 Annual history last updated:
Citations received
OpenAlex · year of the citing work
Hover over a year or focus the chart and use arrow keys to inspect values.
2017–2026 annual-history window. 2026 is year to date. Unknown years have gaps.
View data & coverage
2026 is incomplete. Within a successfully fetched ten-year window, omitted years mean zero. Years beyond a saved observation’s window remain unknown (—). Older citations are excluded, so this chart’s sum may differ from the OpenAlex lifetime total. The date above belongs to this annual history; an unsuccessful refresh keeps the previous observation.
Abstract
This study aims to examine the impact of some bank characteristics (age, size, profitability and leverage) on the extent of voluntary disclosure in annual reports of listed banks in Borsa Istanbul. All (13) listed banks represent the sample of the study. The study adopted the deductive approach by developing hypotheses based on the relevant theories and results of prior studies. The study also applied the panel data strategy to analyze the collected data from annual reports across five years (2013-2017). The results indicated that there is a positive relationship between each bank characteristic (age, size, profitability and leverage) and the level of voluntary disclosure. The results also show that profitability has a big impact on the level of voluntary disclosure followed by leverage, whereas, age and size have a small effect.
Keywords: {'name': 'Voluntary Disclosure, Firm Characteristics, Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) Regression'}
Authors & affiliations
Isam Abdelhafid A. Milad
Affiliation not supplied
Ali Altug Bicer
Affiliation not supplied
Deposited references
Supplied references, not a list of publications citing this article.
DOI: 10.5430/afr.v5n4p147
DOI: 10.1016/j.intacc.2005.09.007
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-92985-9
DOI: 10.1016/S1645-9911(12)70003-8
DOI: 10.12691/jfa-5-3-4
Barako, D. G. (2007). Determinants of voluntary disclosures in Kenyan companies annual reports. African Journal of Business Management, 1(5), 113–128.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8683.2006.00491.x
DOI: 10.1016/j.asieco.2013.08.002
Birjandi, H., & Hakemi, B. (2015). The study effect agency theory and signaling theory on the level of voluntary disclosure of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. Research Journal of Finance and AccountingOnline), 6(1), 2222–2847.
Boslaugh, S., & Watters, P. A. (2008). Statistics in a Nutshell (1st ed.). Sebastopol, USA: O’Reilly Media, Inc.
Cameron, A. C., & Trivedi, P. K. (2009). Microeconometrics using stata. Texas: StataCorp LP.
DOI: 10.1111/1467-6303.00030
DOI: 10.1016/S0165-4101(01)00036-2
DOI: 10.1108/EUM0000000006264
DOI: 10.1111/jgh.12363_2
DOI: 10.1108/eb060696
DOI: 10.2307/2490910
Elfeky, M. I., & Nasiri, A. (2017). The Determinants of Voluntary Disclosure in Emerging Markets : The Case of Egypt. Journal of Poverty, Investment and Development, 36, 1–12.
DOI: 10.1080/00014788.1979.9729168
DOI: 10.1108/S1479-3598(2009)4
DOI: 10.4172/2168-9601.1000108
Gourieroux, C., & Monfort, A. (1997). Time Series and Dynamic Models. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Retrieved from http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=Y88dvEXw0R4C&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Time+Series+and+Dynamic+Models&ots=74h5ZI_u-C&sig=rf5A0ytshGqdOUp86igEG4hgBaE
Gujarati, D. N., & Porter, D. C. (2009). Basic Econometrics (5th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Hasan, T., & Hosain, Z. (2015). Corporate Mandatory and Voluntary Disclosure Practices in Bangladesh : Evidence from listed companies of Dhaka Stock Exchange. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 6(12), 14–32.
Hassan, N. (2014). Investigating the Impact of Firm Characteristics on the Risk Disclosure Quality. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 5(11), 109–119. Retrieved from http://ijbssnet.com/journals/Vol_5_No_11_October_2014/12.pdf
DOI: 10.17265/1548-6583/2015.12.004
DOI: 10.1016/j.adiac.2009.08.002
DOI: 10.1002/csr.154
DOI: 10.22495/cocv4i3p10
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-804317-2.00031-X
DOI: 10.1080/096381897336863
DOI: 10.1016/0304-405X(76)90026-X
DOI: 10.1016/j.intacc.2017.01.007
DOI: 10.1007/s10551-012-1336-0
DOI: 10.1080/13600800802383018
Kolsi, M. C. (2012). The Determinants of Corporate Voluntary Disclosure : Evidence from the Tunisian Capital Market. The IUP Journal of Accounting Research & Audit Practices, XI(4), 1–20.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cjar.2013.04.001
DOI: 10.2307/2491217
Li, H., & Zhao, P. (2011). A Study of Factors Influencing Voluntary Disclosure of Chinese Listed Companies. M & D FORUM, 245–257.
DOI: 10.1108/09513570610679128
DOI: 10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490186
DOI: 10.1016/j.econlet.2018.12.001
DOI: 10.1108/09513570210435870
DOI: 10.1111/1468-0106.12038
DOI: 10.1080/713764736
DOI: 10.1016/S0020-7063(98)90015-2
DOI: 10.1108/10569210580000193
DOI: 10.1080/09638189500000016
DOI: 10.5897/AJBM10.1180
Schuster, P., & O’connell, V. (2006). The Trend Toward Voluntary Corporate Disclosures. Management Accounting Quarterly, 7(2), 1–9. Retrieved from http://www.questia.com/library/journal/1P3-1127500761/the-trend-toward-voluntary-corporate-disclosures%5Cnhttp://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=21501460&site=ehost-live&scope=site
Sehar, N. U., Bilal, & Tufail, S. (2013). Determinants of Voluntary Disclosure in Annual Report : A Case Study of Pakistan. Management and Administrative Sciences Review, 2(2), 181–195.
Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research methods for business: A Skill-Building Approach (7th ed.). Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.1419.3126
DOI: 10.1504/IJEA.2013.055172
DOI: 10.5430/afr.v3n1p18
DOI: 10.2307/41164466
DOI: 10.2307/1882010
DOI: 10.5465/amr.1995.9508080331
DOI: 10.1037/022267
DOI: 10.1016/S1138-4891(09)70008-1
DOI: 10.3926/ic.439
DOI: 10.1016/0165-4101(83)90011-3
DOI: 10.1006/bare.2002.0213
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbankfin.2012.06.005
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccpubpol.2004.04.002