School Safety at a Glance: An Oversight to Health and Physical Infrastructure Neglect by Basic Education Department in Most Remote Rural Schools in South Africa
Humbulani Edward Munzhelele · Decent Munzhelele
International Journal of Business Ecosystem & Strategy · 2026 · Vol. 8 / Issue 5 · 566-576
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Observed 21 Oct 2026, 00:14 UTC
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Abstract
School safety remains a significant challenge in South Africa, particularly in remote rural schools where inadequate infrastructure and limited support systems continue to compromise learners’ and educators’ rights to safe and conducive learning environments. This study investigates the impact of physical infrastructure neglect and inadequate safety measures on rural schools through a qualitative desktop review of scholarly literature, policy documents, government reports, and legal frameworks. Data were analyzed thematically to identify key challenges affecting school safety and educational equity. The findings highlight five major concerns: dilapidated school infrastructure, inadequate emergency preparedness, shortages in maintenance and support services, overcrowded and under-resourced classrooms, and limited accessibility for learners with disabilities. These challenges expose learners and educators to physical risks, reduce the quality of teaching and learning, and reinforce inequalities between rural and urban schools. The study further reveals gaps in policy implementation, monitoring, and accountability within the school safety framework. The study concludes that addressing rural school safety requires targeted investment in infrastructure development, regular maintenance, effective emergency preparedness, inclusive school design, and stronger accountability mechanisms. Improving the safety and accessibility of rural schools is essential for advancing educational equity, protecting learner rights, and creating sustainable learning environments in South Africa.
Keywords: {'name': 'infrastructure neglect; educational inequality; learner rights'}
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Humbulani Edward Munzhelele
University of Venda
Decent Munzhelele
University of Venda
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