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The aim of this study was to identify the impact of HR activities on competitive advantage in private schools. The study uses primary data collected with the help of a well-structured questionnaire that was developed and distributed among a sample of 92 respondents (49 female and 43 male), questionnaire results were statistically analyzed to test the hypotheses that were developed to identify the impact of HR activities on competitive advantages. Multiple regression analysis was used as a statistical tool and technique to identify five key elements: recruitment and reward system, training and skill development activities, organization climate, employee participation and empowerment; and effective communication system to determine competitive advantage in private schools in Jordan. The results indicated that there is a statistically significant effect of HR activities on the competitive advantage; On the other hand, there is no impact of other variables.

The main objective of this study is to investigate the impact of external funding flow on Jordan’s GDP (1997 – 2017) focusing on variables such as; grants (GR), soft loans (LN), foreign direct investment (FDI), and the Jordanian migrant worker's remittances (JMWR) on Jordan's GDP which represent the dependent variable through using the E -Views statistical program and multiple regressions analysis. Previous studies showed the significant and non-significant impacts of the flow of external funding on the economy. In this study the researchers analyzed the impact of external funding flow on Jordan's GDP for the period (1997-2017) and found that grants (GR) and foreign direct investment (FDI) have a statistically significant impact on Jordan's GDP; in contrast, soft loans (LN) and the Jordanian migrant’s worker’s remittances (JMWR) have no statistically significant impact on Jordan's GDP for the same period. This study filled the gap and expanded the analysis to test whether there is an impact of grants independently of the soft loans on Jordan’s GDP and vice versa, in addition, the study investigated the impact of other variables such as; foreign direct investment (FDI), and the Jordanian migrant worker's remittances (JMWR).