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In the past decade, Southeast Asia has seen the development of financial inclusion, as evidenced by the growth of the penetration, availability, and usage dimensions of financial inclusion. This study analyses the impact financial inclusion has on economic growth, represented by GDP per capita growth, and unemployment using data from Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines, and Cambodia. The authors employed panel data regression with fixed effect and random effect models to analyse the data. The results show that the number of commercial bank branches and outstanding loans statistically significantly affect GDP per capita growth, while the number of saving/deposit accounts does not. All three variables are shown to have a statistically significant impact on unemployment.

As a main characteristic of Islamic banks, profit-sharing financing (PsF) has an actual influence on driving the economy in the real sector. A PsF using mudharabah and musyarakah contract is mostly channeled to fund productive businesses. This study tries to find out how the Islamic bank performance reflected by credit risk, profit-sharing rate, and liquidity can increase the PsF growth in Islamic banks. Using a quantitative approach through regression analysis, this study analyzed the impact arising from the improved credit risk, profit-sharing rate, and liquidity on the growth of PsF. The data used is secondary data obtained from statistics on Islamic banking in Indonesia (ranging from the 1st quarter of 2015 to the 4thquarter of 2021). The findings revealed that the Islamic bank performances as represented by credit risk, profit-sharing rate, and liquidity can be an indicator of growth of PsF. A low profit-sharing rate, credit risk, and liquidity risk will encourage PsF growth.