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Almost every aspect of the decision-making process that individuals or organisations engage in involves value judgements or the influence of what can be used to determine what is morally good or wrong.  The characteristics of those who make decisions, specifically their perceptions of the situation, and their social networks, all have a big influence on how their actions turn out. Thus, it is essential from the perspective of SMMEs to comprehend this idea to objectively evaluate the current decision-making procedures and offer recommendations for enhancement. Assessing how SMMEs' value judgements affect their decision-making in their business environment was the aim of this study.  The conduct of SMME operators was the foundation for this study, which examined how their value judgements and decision-making skills may support economic growth and help them thrive in a competitive market. To gather information from a variety of SMMEs in the eThekwini Municipal Area, simple random sampling was employed. A total of 229 business owners responded to the survey which produced the study's sample while data was gathered and analysed using SPSS (version 24). The study concluded that organisations that embrace good value judgement will experience the greatest sense of fulfilment and happiness when they act and make choices that are consistent with their values.

Leadership theories have underpinned significant leadership studies and practices which span decades. Despite the plethora of research on different leadership theories and styles, there is minimal research exploring the relationship between previous leadership theories and the ethical leadership style. Previous research has shown that the ethical leadership effect goes above and beyond other leadership styles and theories as the latter lack an exclusive ethical focus. Therefore, this paper aims to address the identified gap from a preliminary perspective of previous leadership theories as compared to the ethical leadership style. In addition, ethical leadership is the ‘only’ leadership style that is part of the King IV code and report on Corporate Governance in South Africa. The study is built on previous research conducted on leadership theories in relation to ethical leadership and corporate governance as per the King IV report. The method employed involved conducting a historical narrative review of research from more than 60 relevant sources obtained from different databases and search engines on this topic. The paper found that a relationship exists between historical and contemporary leadership theories, contemporary theories and ethical leadership style, and ethical leadership and corporate governance. Stemming from these results, a conceptual model of the relationship between leadership theories, ethical leadership style, and Ubuntu ethics is shown. It is hoped that different types of organizations in South Africa will benefit from this review paper since most need to comply with the King IV report and code. The focus should be on ethical leadership as it promotes better employee performance and positive organizational outcomes.