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The first objective of this study is to analyze the effect of external supply chain flexibility (inbound supplier flexibility and outbound logistics flexibility) on product innovation performance. The second objective is to analyze the effect of external supply chain flexibility on product innovation performance with the lead supplier influence and normative integration as moderating variables. There are six hypotheses in this study: 1) the inbound supplier flexibility affects the product innovation performance, 2) the outbound logistics flexibility affects the product innovation performance, 3) the lead supplier influence moderates the relationship between the inbound supplier flexibility and the product innovation performance, 4) the lead supplier influence moderates the relationship between the outbound logistics flexibility and the product innovation performance, 5) the normative integration moderates the relationship between the inbound supplier flexibility and the product innovation performance, and 6) the normative integration moderates the relationship between the outbound logistics flexibility and product innovation performance. The sample of this study is one hundred fashion SMEs in Sleman Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This study uses census as the sampling method. This study uses primary data obtained by distributing questionnaires to the respondents. The researchers analyzed the data with PLS. The results show that inbound supplier flexibility and outbound logistics flexibility positively affect product innovation performance. The lead supplier influence negatively moderates the effect of inbound supplier flexibility on product innovation performance in fashion. The lead supplier influence does not moderate the effect of outbound logistics flexibility on product innovation performance. Normative integration does not moderate the relationship among the variables of the study.

Due to rising global competition and major changes in consumer demands, preferences, and tastes, many businesses today use the Japanese management technique known as Kaizen to adjust their production processes to meet these expectations. The sole goal of this study was to improve the overall productivity of medium-scale industries by integrating the kaizen philosophy into the production process. Most learning exercises carried out as part of kaizen initiatives were designed to improve social outcomes regarding employees’ problem-solving skills and attitudes. In particular, Kaizen coordinators are concerned with employees’ understanding of continuous improvement and their communication and problem-solving abilities. The pilot project was carried out in the production lines where vanilla extracts were being produced. The Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle technique was used in this study to improve productivity in the production process. The pitch diagram was used as a supportive tool. The two prominent techniques that mainly contributed to the increase in productivity were the PDCA cycle and the pitch diagram. Kaizen implementation led to a 37% increase in the company's total productivity. To increase productivity even further, water tapping and measurement were merged. As a result, it took just 2 minutes instead of 5 to fill a bottle with 20 liters of water. This study concludes that the Kaizen philosophy and elimination of non-value-adding tasks from the production process improve output.

This study aims to review values congruence in supply chain management. Values congruence, commonly described by researchers as the sameness of object, idea, and people, are challenging to identify, measure and prove because values are inherent intangibles in people and only seen in one’s behaviour. As an exploratory study, this paper concentrated on the supply chain management process critical path identified as specifications, sourcing, evaluation, adjudication, contract management, and administration. The study also aims to investigate the extent of values congruence at every supply chain management critical path stage.  The data were coded, organized, and analyzed by applying the principles of the content analysis method. The main findings in this study revealed that Value congruence increased performance and projected profits, the environment, and society on the one hand. On the other hand, values incongruence contributed to poor organizational performance, malpractices, corruption, bankruptcy, and liquidations.