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Corporate governance refers to the relationship present between the corporation and the stakeholders that determines and controls the strategic direction and performance of the corporation. Good corporate governance should provide adequate incentives for the board and management to pursue objectives that are in the interests of the company and shareholders, thereby encouraging firms to use resources more efficiently. However, the definition of accountability differs between conventional and Islamic Banks. Islam was made accountable not only to stakeholders, but also to Allah, the ultimate owner and authority. These powerful moral ethics help in promoting fair, just and honest business dealing. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between corporate governance structures and the resultant financial performance of listed Islamic banks of Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) in Bangladesh. The panel time series data were collected for the time period of 6 years (2009-2014) from all the listed Islamic banks to run an Ordinary Least Squared (OLS) regression model to examine whether the existing corporate governance mechanisms as well as several other internal and external indicators are significant in influencing the financial performance. Preliminary findings suggest corporate governance mechanisms in Islamic banks are not quite as strong as they should be, hinting at possible market and management inefficiencies.

Indonesia's development has not provided the optimum portion of the support to Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), even though these MSMEs are the foundation of economic growth and as a supporter of the national economy of developing countries that are able to absorb up to 99% of the workforce, and are able to complement large industrial products in the local and local markets. The low government support makes MSMEs less empowered and less competitive in the global market. In this research problem, what is the role of Islamic economics and the green economy in increasing the capacity of MSMEs in order to advance the national economy? The limitation of the very cliche of MSMEs is the gap in accessing formal financial institutions in increasing capital, this is due to the weak management of MSMEs so that they are not bankable. Indonesia's financial inclusion as of 2019 was 76%, and 25% of it has not been served by formal financial services. This study uses a descriptive analysis approach, this study analyzes data obtained from secondary sources. The type of research used is based on a normative juridical approach. Normative juridical research is legal research that examines library data, including legal principles and legislation. According to the type of norm study research, data acquisition is sourced from literature research related to the problem being studied, such as books, laws, and others. The analytical method used is normative qualitative which examines and interprets and reconstructs the statements contained in the legislation. The theory used is the theory of people's welfare. The results of this study can be a recommendation and can be used by economic and financial policymakers in increasing the capacity of MSMEs based on sharia economics and making MSMEs the frontline in supporting national economic growth so that Indonesia advances without depending on foreign investment.

Islamic finance is a growing industry with global distribution in all continents including Europe and America. The aim of the current study was to examine how popular is Islamic finance in the USA during the period 2014-2019 using Google Trends. In addition, the interest in Islamic finance across different US states was also investigated. Using “Islamic finance” and “Islamic bank” as search terms in Goggle Trends, the trend curve showed decreases in search volumes, suggesting a decline in the popularity of Islamic finance in the USA with years. Search volumes were detected in seven out of 50 states, suggesting low interest in Islamic finance in the majority of US states. The order of the popularity in the seven states was: Virginia > New York > New Jersey > Illinois > Texas > California > Pennsylvania > Georgia > Florida > Massachusetts. Longitudinal survey studies are needed to confirm the present findings.

The positive of impact of market orientation toward business performance of a company is a common wisdom in the marketing literatures. Hence the prior studies recommend that the connection will depend on other strategic actions. In this regards, this study tries to assess the construct of business ethics as the precedent of market orientation in the context of Indonesia Islamic banks. Upon assessing data using SmartPLS, this study finds that market orientation is the determinant of business performance and Islamic business ethics is the precedent of market orientation. However, market orientation is not effective as the mediator in the relationship between Islamic business ethics and business performance. The discussion of this finding is provided as well as the managerial implication at the end of this paper.

This study aims to investigate and examine the role of accountability in strengthening business sustainability from an Islamic perspective. This research methodology uses qualitative methods and uses literature and documentation study techniques. The research data came from secondary data sources, based on literature studies, and were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively with emphasis on the use of scientific logic. The results of the study found that Islam is a system of life that regulates all aspects of life both in ritual matters such as faith (aqidah) and worship, as well as covering mu’amalah, activities that regulate the way of life of fellow human beings to meet the needs of everyday life issues such as government politics, economics, education, and social systems, including related to how accountability must be realized in a business or company. The accountability mechanism that is carried out must prioritize the principle of trust, especially in working with both subordinates who are given the mandate and superiors who give the mandate and are carried out as worship to Allah SWT. At the level of society and the state, Islam also regulates how accountability must be realized in the administration of the state by a leader or caliph. A leader will be held accountable both horizontally and vertically. Therefore, the results of this research are expected to be used by stakeholders including the government, legislators, academics, practitioners in both profit and non-profit organizations, and other interested parties, especially regarding the role of accountability in strengthening business sustainability in an Islamic perspective.

This study examines whether Islamic banks in SSA exhibit convergence in operational efficiency or whether performance disparities persist over time. Specifically, it evaluates whether less efficient banks catch up with more efficient peers within the region’s emerging Islamic banking sector. The study adopts a two-stage empirical framework using panel data from 35 Islamic banks across SSA over the period 2010–2024. In the first stage, operational efficiency scores are estimated using a bias-corrected Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model following the Simar and Wilson two-stage approach. An input-oriented specification under Variable Returns to Scale (VRS) is employed to reflect cost minimization behaviour and heterogeneity in bank size. Bias correction is implemented using a bootstrap procedure to obtain consistent efficiency estimates. In the second stage, convergence dynamics are analysed using sigma (σ) and beta (β) convergence models, alongside conditional convergence regressions incorporating bank size, age, and market concentration. The results reveal significant β-convergence, with the baseline model yielding a coefficient of −0.267 (p < 0.01), while the conditional model confirms robust convergence (β = −0.2836, p < 0.01), indicating that banks with lower initial efficiency improve at a faster rate than more efficient institutions, consistent with catch-up dynamics. However, σ-convergence results show that efficiency dispersion declined between 2010 and 2019 but increased after 2020, indicating that convergence was time-varying rather than uniform. This suggests that while convergence forces exist, structural differences and external shocks continue to sustain efficiency gaps across banks. The findings highlight the need for stronger regulatory harmonization, improved financial infrastructure, and targeted capacity-building initiatives to accelerate efficiency convergence across Islamic banks in SSA.

This study examines the effect of Good Corporate Governance (GCG), financing quality, Islamic Corporate Social Responsibility (ICSR), and operational efficiency on the financial performance of Islamic Commercial Banks (Bank Umum Syariah/BUS) in Indonesia using a quantitative explanatory approach with panel data regression analysis. The research focuses on 14 Islamic Commercial Banks registered with the Financial Services Authority (Otoritas Jasa Keuangan/OJK) over the 2019–2024 period, resulting in 84 firm-year observations selected through purposive sampling based on the availability of complete annual reports. Financial performance is proxied by Return on Assets (ROA), while GCG is measured using governance indicators disclosed in annual reports, financing quality is represented by Non-Performing Financing (NPF), ICSR is measured using an ICSR disclosure index, and operational efficiency is proxied by the BOPO ratio. The analysis was conducted using EViews version 13. The empirical results show that Good Corporate Governance has a positive and statistically significant effect on financial performance, indicating that stronger governance practices contribute to higher profitability. Financing quality does not exhibit a significant effect on ROA. Conversely, Islamic Corporate Social Responsibility and operational efficiency have a negative and statistically significant effect on financial performance, suggesting that higher operational inefficiency and CSR-related costs may reduce short-term profitability. Overall, this study contributes to the Islamic banking literature by providing empirical evidence on key determinants of financial performance in Islamic Commercial Banks and highlights the importance of strengthening governance practices, improving operational efficiency, and managing ICSR programs more strategically to balance social objectives with long-term financial sustainability, while offering insights for regulators and stakeholders in reinforcing governance frameworks and optimizing Islamic value-based social responsibility.

The study examines concerns regarding Islamic finance legislation in Ethiopia. Using a qualitative method, the study investigated the current legal and regulatory frameworks regarding Islamic finance and the challenges facing Islamic financial institutions in the country. In the study we conducted semi-structured interviews with 23 respondents, including executives, boards of directors, regulators, managers, shariah board members, and legal scholars familiar with the country's laws. The study's findings indicate an urgent necessity for an inclusive and robust legal structure specifically designed for the unique characteristics of Islamic financing. Enhanced supervisory oversight is essential for ensuring adherence to Sharia principles. Furthermore, the research findings demonstrate how important it is to set up a separate supervisory body within the National Bank of Ethiopia to keep an eye on Islamic financial institutions. Lastly, the study highlights the significance of having qualified professionals and Sharia scholars in Islamic financing. Integrating Islamic finance education into universities can enhance capacity-building for regulators, scholars, and finance professionals.

The objective of this study was to explore the factors influencing the intention to use Islamic digital banking in Indonesia, focusing on the roles of performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, habit, hedonic motivation, price value, and religiosity. Data were collected from a sample of 434 respondents in January 2024 through an online survey. The study utilized a research model based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) framework. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results indicate that effort expectancy, social influence, habit, price value, and religiosity significantly affect the behavioral intention to use Islamic digital banking, while performance expectancy, facilitating conditions, and hedonic motivation did not show significant effects. These findings highlight the importance of religious and ethical considerations, ease of use, and social factors in shaping the adoption of Islamic digital banking services. The study offers valuable insights for practitioners and policymakers, emphasizing the need for tailored strategies that promote the use of Islamic digital banking in Indonesia.

In this study, Banca Etica, which operates in Europe within the scope of ethical banking practices, and participation banks in Turkey were compared in terms of business ethics. Ethical banking is an approach based on observing social, environmental and ethical responsibilities in the provision of financial services. Banca Etica and participation banks apply these ethical principles in different ways. Banca Etica focuses on social and environmental sustainability, transparency and community participation. The bank offers its customers interest rates determined in line with ethical principles and invests in social responsibility projects. Drawing attention with its transparency and accountability policies, Banca Etica regularly reports the effects of its investments and loans and shares them with the public. Participation banks in Turkey adopt interest-free banking principles in accordance with Islamic finance principles. These banks, which serve their customers by offering profit-loss sharing models and products that comply with Islamic finance rules, focus on social responsibility projects such as social justice and helping the poor. Participation banks' transparency regarding sharia compliance assures their customers that their transactions comply with Islamic finance rules. As a result, both types of banks operate in line with ethical principles, but their implementation approaches and areas of focus differ. These differences determine customers' preferences and banks' contributions to society and the environment.