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This study aims to examine the effect of competence, independence, experience, and audit time pressure on fraud detection by using the mediation of professional skepticism in the context of internal auditors for the public sector. The research data were obtained through a survey questionnaire on 173 auditors of the Inspectorate General of the Ministry of Education and Culture. The analysis technique in this study used Partial Least Square (PLS). The results showed that competence, independence and audit time pressure had no effect on the ability to detect fraud. Meanwhile, the auditor's experience and professional skepticism had a positive effect on fraud detection. The application of professional skepticism was proven as a mediating variable in the effect of competence, independence, experience and audit time pressure on fraud detection. Auditors’ competence, independence, and experience had a positive effect on professional skepticism and audit time pressure had a negative effect on professional skepticism. The results of this study provide an input that the importance of applying professional skepticism could improve fraud detection.

This study sought to establish the influence of fraud risk management practices in regard to preventive, detective and corrective controls on the level of fraud occurrence on listed firms in Kenya. This is because limited research had been conducted in the context of listed firms in Kenya and limited attention paid on how corrective controls influences fraud occurrence. A causal research design was applied. Data was obtained from a sample of 275 senior managers by using structured questionnaires. The findings revealed that only preventive and corrective controls had a profound negative effect on the degree of fraud occurrence on listed companies in Kenya. Conversely, detective controls did not considerably reduce fraud occurrence on listed companies in Kenya. The key implication of the findings noted by this study is that the proper implication of the most effectual anti-fraud measures can only be realized when the management are committed to do so. Additionally, corrective controls must be seriously looked into as an effective strategy of curbing fraud since they indeed are instrumental in curbing fraud. Future studies should be extended to the public sector in regard to the government ministries and the distinctive partitions of the private sector such as the insurance, real estate, manufacturing, automobile sectors among others respectively. Moreover, future studies can explore how firm size in terms of asset size or employee size moderates the relationship between fraud risk management practices and the level of fraud occurrence.

Fraudulent financial statements often occur in several companies, however, efforts to detect the beginning of fraud have not been fully implemented. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of forensic accounting in the diamond model relationship to detect financial statement fraud. This research employs pressure, opportunity, rationalization, and capability in the perspective of fraud diamond, and technology audit as forensic accounting indicators. Samples used in this study are 42 bank companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period 2016-2019. The sample is determined by using the purposive sampling method. Analysis of data is carried out using the MRA-SPSS program. The result showed that Pressure and Rationalization affect financial statement fraud. Forensic accounting is a moderating variable between pressure and financial statement fraud, rationalization, and financial statement fraud.

Using Attribution Theory, this study aims to examine several predictor variables such as independence, objectivity, professional skepticism, and the ability and experience of investigative auditors that potentially affect the effectiveness of audit procedures in revealing fraud. This research involved a total of 120 auditors consisting of auditors of the Supreme Audit Agency of the Republic of Indonesia (BPK) and auditors of the Indonesian Financial and Development Supervisory Agency (BPKP) representatives of the Special Region of Yogyakarta Indonesia as the research sample. The regression analysis revealed that the professional skepticism, the ability, and the experience of the investigative auditors had a significantly positive effect on the effectiveness of audit procedures in revealing fraud. The results serve as a material consideration for government auditing agencies, such as the BPK and BPKP to increase their effectiveness in implementing audit procedures using various means, such as through sustainable training and education programs as well as by increasing professional skepticism in conducting audits.

This study was aimed to prove the research hypothesis that there are effects of financial ratios, which consist of profitability, leverage, and liquidity on the financial statements fraud risk, and the quality of auditors are able to moderate the relationship between financial ratios to financial statements fraud. This study uses a population of manufacturing companies that publish their financial statements on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2016-2017 will also be summarized and inferred. This study uses purposive sampling so that the study sample amounted to 275 firm years. The dependent variable uses the financial statements fraud risk with the proxy Dechow F-score. The independent variable in this study consisted of profitability with ROA ratio, leverage using the calculation of the ratio of total liabilities to total assets, and liquidity using the calculation of the ratio of total current assets to current liabilities. The moderating variable in this study is auditor quality as a moderating variable with a dummy variable. The Hypothesis test conducted is using moderated regression analysis (MRA). The results of this study indicate that the financial statements fraud risk is influenced by financial liquidity ratios, while financial ratios of profitability and leverage have not been proven to affect financial report fraud. This study provides a contribution by providing evidence that the quality of auditors can suppress fraudulent actions on financial statements with low profitability. This research provides information to regulators to pay more attention to companies that experience liquidity problems, and become input for regulators to make rules that improve the quality of auditors.

This study mainly aimed to examine the impact of the COSO’s internal control system components (Control Environment, Risk Assessment, Control Activities, Information-Communication, Monitoring) on corporate governance principles (justice, transparency, accountability and responsibility) through the example of a leading educational foundation in Türkiye. In the study, it was investigated whether there was a significant relationship between the perceptions of employees regarding the effects of the internal control system components on corporate governance. It was also investigated whether these perceptions differed according to demographic characteristics such as gender, age, education, length of service, position. Methodologically, a descriptive online survey method including a questionnaire was applied to collect data. The survey was sent to 234 participants in different departments and positions working in the foundation, and 197 employees responded. The data were analyzed with SPSS-22. The survey, which was suitable for a 5-point Likert scale, included statements regarding demographic characteristics and COSO’s main internal control components and corporate governance principles. The study concluded that all COSO components have a significant and positive relationship with corporate governance principles. In addition, a stronger relationship was revealed between transparency and accountability principles and internal control components compared to others. Furthermore, it was indicated that these perceptions differed according to demographic characteristics. While significant differences were found in perceptions according to demographic characteristics such as gender, age and position, no differences were found according to education and working years criteria. The study is considered to contribute to the literature because it is the first study to examine the impact of the main COSO internal control components on corporate governance principles, together with the example of a leading educational foundation. The study is limited by the selected sample educational foundation, the number of respondents, survey questions-answers, the applied statistical analysis method and tests. Therefore, in order to reach more general results, it is suggested to expand the studies with more diverse and larger numbers of educational foundations, employees, survey questions and statistical methods.

This study examines the correlation between market culture and the dimensions of sustainability performance—economic, environmental, and social—within African Civil Aviation Authorities (ACAAs), while also exploring the mediating influence of corporate governance. A quantitative, cross-sectional methodology was utilised, incorporating data from 371 managers across 54 ACAAs. Data were evaluated with Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The results indicate that market culture exerts a substantial beneficial impact on all three aspects of sustainability performance: economic, environmental, and social. Corporate governance did not act as a mediator in the interaction between market culture and economic sustainability. Furthermore, corporate governance substantially mediated the links between market culture and both environmental and social sustainability performance among ACAAs. The findings underscore the necessity of synchronising organisational culture with governance frameworks to attain holistic sustainability results in the civil aviation sector. This study advances institutional theory by highlighting the interaction between internal cultural and governance structures and institutional forces, hence improving legitimacy and performance in the civil aviation sector.

The conception of corporate governance practices remains a challenge across state entities in developing countries including South Africa. Corporate governance principles such as accountability, responsibility, reliability, ethical standards are core elements of effective and quality performance that spurs quality delivery of primary services. Positivism strategy aided by quantitative primary data was applied. Empirical data was collected through the administration of questionnaires to geographically dispersed 106 participants who were randomly and purposively selected. The authors used a structured questionnaires aided by quantitatively analyses through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0. Key findings on this paper revealed that all the corporate governance principles contribute to entity’s performance. However, “fairness” largely contributes more to the level of performance. The study recommends policy makers and consultants need to embark on awareness campaigns through educational programmes.   

This study examines how soft skills enhance the audit committee effectiveness in South African municipalities. The paper adopts the positivist paradigm and a quantitative technique. Surveys were conducted using questionnaires, and data was collected from 87 participants using purposive sampling. Data were analysed using the exploratory factor analysis with the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy (KMO) value of 0.716 level and descriptive statistics which indicates that the audit committee's soft skills demonstrate commitment to understanding the operations. The paper’s finding is connected to audit committees in charge of the public sector.  The paper highlights the need for improved audit committee soft skills for good judgement, objectivity and honesty, a high level of ethics, strong communication skills, and freedom from undue influence or intimidation. Further research is needed to examine the role of soft skills on auditors and management in South African municipalities. The Study recommends enhancing audit committee effectiveness in South African municipalities through structured soft skills training and mandatory governance reforms. This includes training programs on leadership and stakeholder engagement, soft skills assessments in audit committee selection, and professional certifications for audit committees. This study addresses a significant gap in the literature by specifically focusing on audit committee soft skills.

This paper examines the effect of audit committee effectiveness on the corporate governance practices of regulatory authorities in Tanzania. Data was collected from 18 regulatory authorities, using a random sample of 241 respondents out of 362 eligible participants consisting of board members, management, accountants, and auditors. A structured survey questionnaire with a 5-Likert scale was used. Data analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS software, with a structural equation modeling technique consisting of confirmatory factor analysis to analyze the relationships between independent and dependent variables. The validity and reliability of the survey instrument and collected data were tested and found to be within acceptable limits. The study found that audit committee effectiveness is positively associated with the corporate governance practices of regulatory authorities in Tanzania, with the audit committee advisory role significantly contributing to the audit committee characteristics. The study recommends establishing robust policies on corporate governance practices, particularly establishing the National Corporate Governance Codes to enhance the audit committee's governance role. The Government, policymakers, scholars, boards, audit committees, and other stakeholders may use these results to enhance the practical roles of audit committees. The practical implication of the study includes the urgent need for Tanzania to establish the National Corporate Governance Codes, building capacity for audit committee members, enhancing collaboration between internal auditors and external auditors, and strengthening corporate governance oversight mechanisms. This research is the original work of the authors and has not been studied elsewhere.