Explore the evidence.
Understand the reach.

The purpose of this study was to explore the antecedents of entrepreneurial intentions among the Tanzanian Higher Business Education Graduates (HBE). The motivation for the study was because, despite the integration of entrepreneurship education (EE) in every degree programme, still many graduates had been unemployed. This cross-sectional study is based on primary data. An in-depth interview was conducted with a sample of 21 HBE graduates from various HBE institutions.  Primary data collection was done using in-depth interview guide questions physically done by the researcher.  Snowball and purposive sampling approaches were employed to identify respondents for this study. Content analysis method with the aid of NVivo version 11 software package was used to analyse the qualitative data. The study identifies five important antecedents of entrepreneurial intentions, namely, interpersonal traits, EE through competency-based training, planning and focus, successful groups which are close to a prospective entrepreneur, and government support. The findings task entrepreneurship educators, role models, close groups, professional supporters, and the government to concurrently foster the combinations of EE and other factors which were revealed to have the highest predictive power on entrepreneurial intention in the process of nurturing and psychologically developing the students’ entrepreneurial careers of self-reliance and self-employment. This research is novel and contributes to the body of knowledge in the existing antecedents of entrepreneurial intentions: given the emphasis on residual and new antecedents of entrepreneurial intentions essential for promoting the start-ups by the HBE graduates and enabling them to employ themselves.

It remains unclear how lack of management succession planning relates to the collapse of 87% of the Tanzanian family-owned manufacturing businesses (FOMBs) after the first generation.  Also, the question of whether a firm’s background variables, namely; executive’s education level, business age, and business size, moderate the relationship between management succession planning and the survival of FOMBs remains unanswered. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between succession planning and the survival of FOMBs, moderated by the firm’s background variables through the lens of resource-based theory as well as agency theory. A sample of 339 executives was randomly drawn from the FOMBs in Dar es Salaam city where the collapse of FOMBs after the first generation was revealed to be significant and surveyed using a structured questionnaire. Multiple linear regression was used as a quantitative data analysis technique with the support of SPSS as an analytical tool. Results revealed that management succession variables, namely; training the successor, successor involvement in business management and successor factors-work fit had a positive and significant relationship with the survival of FOMBs. However, the internal recruitment of the successor had an insignificant relationship with the survival of FOMBs. Therefore, management succession planning sustains the leadership pipeline and survival of the FOMBs through the involvement of the successor in business management, sufficiently training the successor, and handing over power to the successor whose competency and factors fit with the relevant work. The study contributes to an understanding of management succession planning variables and how they relate to the survival of family-owned manufacturing businesses. The study also provides a new conceptual framework on transgenerational management succession planning in the FOMBs.

Despite the crucial role that businesses have played in the adoption of green supply chains, it appears that manufacturing enterprises have not effectively utilized their responsibility to ensure green manufacturing. This study uses Bakhresa Foods Product Limited as a case study to better understand the constraints facing manufacturing firms engaged in green manufacturing and offers suggestions for overcoming them. A qualitative design was adopted and data was gathered via in-depth interviews, focus group discussions (FGD), indirect observation, and secondary data analysis based on a purposive sample size of 60 respondents. Using the MAXQDA 10 program, data were analyzed using the thematic analysis technique. The study's findings showed that constraints to reducing were associated with a lack of innovation, professionals, an understanding of economics and finance and presence of extensive inventories, and inadequate production planning. Remanufacturing was further constrained by poor technology, unfavorable consumer attitudes, and a weak market strategy. Other constraints with reuse came from poor customer attitudes and awareness, lack of uniform standards for materials and goods, and inadequate government support. Constraints to recycling include a lack of support from senior top management executives, significant upfront expenses, and low-quality recycled goods. Therefore, to improve the situation, we suggest that industries make use of modernized equipment, and clean technology, improve monitoring and evaluation systems, implement the lean production philosophy, and give education about the value of recycling programs.

The study examines the supply chain for fresh fruits and vegetables in cities. In particular, the study determines the functions of intermediaries in the supply chain for fresh fruits and vegetables in urban settings. The study is qualitative with an ethnographic design. The study involved a sample of 92 participants obtained purposively. Data are obtained using In-Depth Interviews (IDIs), document reviews and researchers’ observations. Findings demonstrate that intermediaries typically facilitate transportation services that involve the collection, packing and handling facility selection, and delivery of fruits and vegetables. Secondly, intermediaries provide efficient storage services for storing fruits and vegetables and education about proper storage practices. Thirdly, intermediaries have involved value addition and improvement of the quality of fruits and vegetables through sorting, grading, gathering, inspection, branding, and packing. Fourthly, they execute marketing services and facilitate information flow and exchange. It is presented that to enhance intermediaries’ roles, there is a need to improve the road infrastructure networks and control corruption among unethical police officers. There is a great need to strengthen electricity. This will facilitate a reliable power supply that will enhance the easy storage of fruits and vegetables. Farmers and intermediaries need more education on quality, and financial assistance. This will support the continuum of the fresh fruits and vegetable supply chain.

The motorcycle taxi business is increasingly becoming one of the key livelihood strategies in the urban settings of Sub-Saharan Africa. However, crime against operators is threatening the subsector and jeopardizes the livelihood of motorcycle riders. This study examines urban crime and its implications on the livelihoods of motorcycle taxi riders in Dar es Salaam Tanzania in a bid to recommend strategies for alleviating the looming crime. Based on the qualitative design, data were collected using in-depth interviews, focus group discussion and indirect observations with a sample of 100 motorcycle taxi-riders. Thematic data analysis was employed based on the five themes [aka assets] pre-determined from the sustainable livelihood framework namely natural, physical, human, social and financial assets. Findings show that crime has negatively impacted the motorcycle taxi riders’ livelihoods through erosion of the livelihood assets. Accordingly, in order to alleviate the crime, relevant authorities should devise a well-defined mechanism of sharing crime information, use of technology such as the GPRS system and security cameras around the city, ensure the availability of the police and prompt response to crime incidence through night security patrols and sharing reliable contacts, provision of security and crime education and awareness to the riders. Others are ensuring an effective, communication system between and among the motorcycle riders e.g. through phones, WhatsApp groups, and other social media, and use of ID cards by the riders for easy identification and traceability whenever they fall victims of crime.

The current study examined the impact of financial aspects in achieving sustainable public procurement at the Zanzibar Urban Services Project. To achieve this objective, the study used a questionnaire and documentary review checklist to collect data on identifying the impact of financial aspects on sustainable public procurement. The study used a case study design using Zanzibar Urban Services Project. Both primary and secondary data were collected through questionnaires and documentary reviews. The researcher employed the probability sampling technique specifically stratified sampling technique to sample 107 out of 153 individuals from the field and content analysis for documentary review. Descriptive analysis was used to analyse preliminary data and lastly multiple regression analysis modals was used to measure the relationship among variables. Study results indicated that in spite of the contribution of financial aspects in procurement, there is a challenge of undermining the emphasis of other non-financial aspects in procurement procedures. It was also confirmed that there is a need of balancing between financial, social and environmental aspects which are argued to achieve sustainable public procurement.

The study intended to examine the effects of the information gap in the Dare es salaam stock exchange stock market. To meet this goal, three objectives were involved; the gap between the information offered by DSE and those needed by investors, the effects of the information gap on the trading in securities in DSE, and measures to apply to tackle the information gap in DSE. The study adopted a mixed research design. This method provides different types of information, such as detailed views of participants qualitatively and scores on instruments quantitatively, and when combined, they should yield the same results. The research was carried out in Dar es Salaam, the city of big investors in Tanzania, the head office of the Capital markets and Security Authority (CMSA), and the Dar es salaam stock exchange authority (DSE). Eighteen brokers and dealers were interviewed, and a questionnaire was distributed to 169 market dealers, brokers, custodians, nominated advisors, DSE employees, registered trustees, financial analysts, and customers to collect quantitative data. The data collection tools used were a questionnaire for quantitative data and an interview guide for qualitative data. Descriptive statistics, content analysis, and coding approaches were used to analyse and interpret data.

The study examines the supply chain for fresh fruits and vegetables in cities. In particular, the study determines the functions of intermediaries in the supply chain for fresh fruits and vegetables in urban settings. The study is qualitative with an ethnographic design. The study involved a sample of 92 participants obtained purposively. Data are obtained using In-Depth Interviews (IDIs), document reviews and researchers’ observations. Findings demonstrate that intermediaries typically facilitate transportation services that involve the collection, packing and handling facility selection, and delivery of fruits and vegetables. Secondly, intermediaries provide efficient storage services for storing fruits and vegetables and education about proper storage practices. Thirdly, intermediaries have involved value addition and improvement of the quality of fruits and vegetables through sorting, grading, gathering, inspection, branding, and packing. Fourthly, they execute marketing services and facilitate information flow and exchange. It is presented that to enhance intermediaries’ roles, there is a need to improve the road infrastructure networks and control corruption among unethical police officers. There is a great need to strengthen electricity. This will facilitate a reliable power supply that will enhance the easy storage of fruits and vegetables. Farmers and intermediaries need more education on quality, and financial assistance. This will support the continuum of the fresh fruits and vegetable supply chain.

Despite the crucial role that businesses have played in the adoption of green supply chains, it appears that manufacturing enterprises have not effectively utilized their responsibility to ensure green manufacturing. This study uses Bakhresa Foods Product Limited as a case study to better understand the constraints facing manufacturing firms engaged in green manufacturing and offers suggestions for overcoming them. A qualitative design was adopted and data was gathered via in-depth interviews, focus group discussions (FGD), indirect observation, and secondary data analysis based on a purposive sample size of 60 respondents. Using the MAXQDA 10 program, data were analyzed using the thematic analysis technique. The study's findings showed that constraints to reducing were associated with a lack of innovation, professionals, an understanding of economics and finance and presence of extensive inventories, and inadequate production planning. Remanufacturing was further constrained by poor technology, unfavorable consumer attitudes, and a weak market strategy. Other constraints with reuse came from poor customer attitudes and awareness, lack of uniform standards for materials and goods, and inadequate government support. Constraints to recycling include a lack of support from senior top management executives, significant upfront expenses, and low-quality recycled goods. Therefore, to improve the situation, we suggest that industries make use of modernized equipment, and clean technology, improve monitoring and evaluation systems, implement the lean production philosophy, and give education about the value of recycling programs.

The focus of the study was to assess the role of Presidential Issued Identity Cards (PIDs) in alleviating the street vendor’s business challenges in Dar es Salaam. Specifically, the study aimed to examine the influence of Presidential Identity Cards in alleviating the street vending business challenges, explore factors inhibiting the utilization of Vendors IDs cards in alleviating the street vendors’ challenges and identify the nature (financial, social relation, special) of problem that was solved by the establishment of PIDs. The study was conducted in Dar es Salaam city, where a sample of 130 respondents was selected. The study collected primary data by using questionnaires. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was used for descriptive and multiple regression analysis. The study found that Presidential Identity Cards have no significant influence on the reduction of street vendor business challenges. Furthermore, the study found that the establishment of PIDs fails to solve numerous problems facing street vendors, these are; financial, business problems, social problems and lack of permanent areas. The study concludes that despite the provision of Presidential Identity Cards to street vendors, most of the street vendors are lacking business support from the appropriate authorities. The study recommends that the provision of PIDs to street vendors should target to reduce challenges facing street vendors.