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This study investigates factors limiting the entrepreneurial action of small-scale irrigation farmers (SSIF) at the Namibian Green Scheme Irrigation Project (GSIP).  Literature was reviewed on the concepts of the agricultural sector in Namibia, entrepreneurship action, and agricultural entrepreneurship in Namibia and elsewhere. The paper used a quantitative research approach to produce descriptive statistics of the agricultural entrepreneurs' experiences when starting and operating their projects. Data were collected using a questionnaire surveying the Etunda Green scheme irrigation project. The study used Microsoft Office Excel 2019 analysis tool pack to analyse the data. The key findings revealed that most SSIF operating at the project are obstructed by some elements of the policy environment, finance, business support services, market environment, infrastructure, and ecological factors. The study praises that sectoral connections should be strengthened, and government should prioritise and target elements that would improve the overall performance of the Namibian agricultural sector. The study offers policymakers and practitioners a blueprint for developing entrepreneurship in an agricultural context, specifically the Namibian Green Scheme Projects.

Agriculture is the bedrock for combating poverty and developing rural areas. This motivated government policies on agriculture. This paper evaluated the performance of Fadama III in addressing food productivity and rural development in Rivers State. A critical review of secondary materials from Rivers State National Fadama III Development Programme Coordinating Office Report on implementation of National Fadama III projects in Rivers State formed the methodology for the study. It revealed the concept, approaches and implementation process of economic interest groups and government financial commitments to various farming activities in the local government areas. There were remarkable improvements in rural development in the participated local government areas. The assessment further revealed committed efforts by officers and management of the program which ensured effective implementation of rural infrastructure in participated communities. It is recommended that expenditure control measures adopted by the management of fadama program in Rivers State should be applied in future agricultural projects to ensure quality deliverables. The government should pursue only rural development-oriented agricultural policies, and finance projects that have certified Local Development Plans. Seemingly bottleneck criterion that would delay the release of funds should be relaxed for agricultural program managers to be proactive to beneficiaries’ requests and function effectively. Finally, the fadama program should be extended to increase communities’ dual opportunities of experiencing both agricultural and rural development.

Women remain central to agricultural development and food security in South Africa, yet structural inequalities and limited recognition continue to suppress their potential contribution. The Vhembe Female Farmer Competition, organised by the Vhembe District Municipality and the Limpopo Department of Agriculture and Rural Development (LDARD), serves as a platform to empower women, young women, and women with disabilities by recognising their role in local economic development. This paper explored the competition as an intervention that promotes women’s participation in agriculture, gender equality, fosters entrepreneurship, and contributes to poverty alleviation. Quantitative research approach was employed, where the simple random sampling technique was used to select 13 contestants across various categories. Data was collected through a structured survey and analysed using Excel to obtain the descriptive statistics. The study found no participants from Musina Local Municipality in the female farmer competitions and the Vhembe District Disability forum. Among female farmers, the best female worker (R2.5 million) and commercial producer (R1.5 million) recorded the highest annual turnovers. The young female farmer generated the turnover of R725,000.00 and notably created the highest over 60 seasonal and permanent jobs, demonstrating strong employment potential despite lower earnings as compared to the female worker and commercial producer categories. A financial literacy gap was evident in other categories. It is recommended that Musina Local Economic Development officers participate in preparatory meetings and mobilise farmers. Extension officers must provide financial management training to improve farm operations and employment opportunities.

This study evaluates the socioeconomic contributions of the Youth Employment in Agribusiness and Sustainable Agriculture (YEASA) program in Ekiti State, Nigeria. By enhancing local economic activities and addressing youth unemployment, YEASA provides a compelling model for sustainable development. This research examines its impact through the lens of employment generation, quality-of-life improvements, and economic contributions between 2017 and 2020. Data were collected from 125 beneficiaries and analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential methods. Findings reveal significant improvements in living standards, confidence levels, and entrepreneurial ventures, with 94% of participants acknowledging YEASA’s role in job creation. However, challenges such as limited government support and financial barriers persist. This paper highlights the importance of tailored entrepreneurship development programs in fostering inclusive economic growth, offering actionable insights policy and program enhancement insights.

The study, using a comparative case study design, explored the attitude of local direct beneficiaries concerning the cessation of resources for two donor-funded agriculture-related projects in Tanzania from a Social Cognitive Theory perspective. Using a 5-point Likert Scale, data from 274 respondents were collected and analysed. Before data analysis, validity and reliability tests were performed and determined to be good. Descriptive statistics including percentages and frequencies were done. Additionally, a chi-square test was done to establish the association between variables. The findings show that local beneficiaries with higher self-efficacy and wider outcome expectancies had a positive attitude as opposed to their counterparts. Also, a positive significant relationship existed between self-efficacy and attitude (P<0.01) and between outcome expectancies and attitudes (P<0.05). Equipping local beneficiaries with the competencies needed to solve problems on their own and the continued functioning of VBAAs can aid local beneficiaries in maintaining a positive attitude post-project resources withdrawal. The study recommends that a transition phase is critical for project implementers to solidify benefits and benefit-enhancing behaviours. Also promoting community-based extension services by institutionalising VBAAs within the LGAs should be given a priority for enhancing sustainability.

Agriculture has advanced from subsistence farming to a dynamic, market-oriented sector fuelled by agripreneurship. The use of modern technology, such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and precision farming, is changing agricultural productivity and sustainability. Despite these developments, the adoption of such technology by agripreneurs remains unequal, particularly in developing countries. Structural inequities, limited access to resources, and insufficient technical skills continue to impede the efficient use of technology. The study adopted a qualitative desktop review to analyse the existing literature on integrated technologies to increase agripreneurship productivity. The secondary data sources were journal articles, online books and government reports. The timeframe of the included data ranges from 2018 to 2026, while data from 2017 and earlier were excluded. Lastly, keywords such as agripreneurship and integrated technologies were used to search for data across sources, including Google Scholar and Web of Science. The findings show that integrated technologies improve agricultural output, efficiency, and resource optimisation among agripreneurs. The study also found that perceived usefulness substantially influences readiness to accept technology, although perceived ease of use remains a significant issue due to insufficient technical abilities. Furthermore, extrinsic problems such as poor infrastructure, budgetary constraints, and insufficient institutional backing impede wider adoption. Based on the Technology Acceptability Model, the findings show that tackling these hurdles is critical to improving technology acceptability and maximising agribusiness outcomes. The integration of technology into agripreneurship plays an important role in mitigating socio-economic challenges by creating jobs, boosting the local economy, and helping agripreneurs manage their farms effectively. Various technologies are adopted to minimise the impacts of climate change, improve pest control, and increase productivity and efficiency.

Women remain central to agricultural development and food security in South Africa, yet structural inequalities and limited recognition continue to suppress their potential contribution. The Vhembe Female Farmer Competition, organised by the Vhembe District Municipality and the Limpopo Department of Agriculture and Rural Development (LDARD), serves as a platform to empower women, young women, and women with disabilities by recognising their role in local economic development. This paper explored the competition as an intervention that promotes women’s participation in agriculture, gender equality, fosters entrepreneurship, and contributes to poverty alleviation. Quantitative research approach was employed, where the simple random sampling technique was used to select 13 contestants across various categories. Data was collected through a structured survey and analysed using Excel to obtain the descriptive statistics. The study found no participants from Musina Local Municipality in the female farmer competitions and the Vhembe District Disability forum. Among female farmers, the best female worker (R2.5 million) and commercial producer (R1.5 million) recorded the highest annual turnovers. The young female farmer generated the turnover of R725,000.00 and notably created the highest over 60 seasonal and permanent jobs, demonstrating strong employment potential despite lower earnings as compared to the female worker and commercial producer categories. A financial literacy gap was evident in other categories. It is recommended that Musina Local Economic Development officers participate in preparatory meetings and mobilise farmers. Extension officers must provide financial management training to improve farm operations and employment opportunities.

This study evaluates the barriers to employment among beneficiaries of the Youth Entrepreneurship and Agribusiness Support (YEASA) program in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Using quantitative descriptive and inferential methods, the study investigates how the YEASA program influences employment, local economic development, and participants’ quality of life. A purposive sample of 125 beneficiaries provided data through structured questionnaires analyzed with SPSS. Findings reveal that 94% of participants acknowledged YEASA’s contribution to job creation, 85% reported improved living standards, and 90% noted increased confidence in managing agribusiness ventures. Despite these achievements, systemic barriers persist—particularly limited funding (55% dissatisfaction) and weak market linkages (60% concern)—which hinder the program’s overall impact. The study recommends improved funding mechanisms, stronger government involvement, and the introduction of tailor-made training programs to enhance sustainability and entrepreneurial outcomes among youth.

This study evaluates the socioeconomic contributions of the Youth Employment in Agribusiness and Sustainable Agriculture (YEASA) program in Ekiti State, Nigeria. By enhancing local economic activities and addressing youth unemployment, YEASA provides a compelling model for sustainable development. This research examines its impact through the lens of employment generation, quality-of-life improvements, and economic contributions between 2017 and 2020. Data were collected from 125 beneficiaries and analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential methods. Findings reveal significant improvements in living standards, confidence levels, and entrepreneurial ventures, with 94% of participants acknowledging YEASA’s role in job creation. However, challenges such as limited government support and financial barriers persist. This paper highlights the importance of tailored entrepreneurship development programs in fostering inclusive economic growth, offering actionable insights policy and program enhancement insights.

This study investigates factors limiting the entrepreneurial action of small-scale irrigation farmers (SSIF) at the Namibian Green Scheme Irrigation Project (GSIP).  Literature was reviewed on the concepts of the agricultural sector in Namibia, entrepreneurship action, and agricultural entrepreneurship in Namibia and elsewhere. The paper used a quantitative research approach to produce descriptive statistics of the agricultural entrepreneurs' experiences when starting and operating their projects. Data were collected using a questionnaire surveying the Etunda Green scheme irrigation project. The study used Microsoft Office Excel 2019 analysis tool pack to analyse the data. The key findings revealed that most SSIF operating at the project are obstructed by some elements of the policy environment, finance, business support services, market environment, infrastructure, and ecological factors. The study praises that sectoral connections should be strengthened, and government should prioritise and target elements that would improve the overall performance of the Namibian agricultural sector. The study offers policymakers and practitioners a blueprint for developing entrepreneurship in an agricultural context, specifically the Namibian Green Scheme Projects.