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Advocates of blockchain claim widespread impact will be forthcoming shortly. However, the path of innovation in blockchain is uncharted. Investors will assess where blockchain innovation will profit first and most. The timing and impact of each blockchain innovation is a key consideration for business managers. Link, Ruhm, and Siegel (2014) suggest private equity investments forecast which innovations are likely to succeed. Previous research on private equity gives insight on why that ownership structure is especially successful. Private equity investments are collected for two periods and categorized according to basic blockchain components, basic cryptocurrency payment components, and decentralized applications, particularly applications in financial services. The results suggest investors have acted prudently, investing strongly in building blocks, payment systems and fundamental applications, showing a primary emphasis on refining blockchain and realizing standard blockchain protocols before investing in highly complex applications. Further, financial services applications dominate, suggesting investors see financial services as far and away the most likely industry for imminent deconstruction.

Despite the significant economic contribution of the jua kali enterprises, the industry is beset by fundamental financial issues that limit their firm performance. Consequently, many of these enterprises fail soon after they open for operation; 50% to 95% fail during the first five years. The development of seed capital is one of the main issues affecting the firm performance of Jua Kali enterprises. This research assessed the effects of seed capital on firm performance of Jua Kali enterprises in Kamukunji, Nairobi City County, Kenya. The specific objectives were to; establish the effect of angel investors, equity financing and crowdfunding on firm performance of Jua Kali enterprises in Kamukunji, Nairobi City County, Kenya. The anchor theory was the Resource-Based View, Pecking Order Theory, and Information Asymmetry Theory. The study used quantitative methods, applying positivism paradigms. Both explanatory and descriptive research designs was used in this study. The target population was the 4763 Jua Kal enterprises in Kamukunji, Nairobi City County, Kenya and unit of enquiry their managers/owners. Using, a formula, the study obtained a sample size of 367 respondents. The study used stratified proportionate sampling and simple random sampling to obtain respondents from the associations. Construct validity was used to examine the questionnaire's validity and Cronbach's alpha at the 0.7 level was used to test its reliability.  Data was analysed to produce descriptive and inferential statistics. The results from the analysis were presented on frequency tables.  The study found that each of angel investors, equity financing and crowdfunding, has significant effect on firm performance of Jua Kali enterprises in Kamukunji, Nairobi City County, Kenya. The study recommends for angel investors to be active not only in providing finance but also in strategic mentorship and networking, and advisory services. For entrepreneurs, internal equity financing should come first while the potential of crowdfunding can be harnessed by training business owners. More so, entrepreneurs should build management skills, financial literacy, and strategic abilities while the government and regulatory bodies should streamline policies and clarify compliance requirements with supportive tax incentives.

Despite the significant economic contribution of the jua kali enterprises, the industry is beset by fundamental financial issues that limit their firm performance. Consequently, many of these enterprises fail soon after they open for operation; 50% to 95% fail during the first five years. The development of seed capital is one of the main issues affecting the firm performance of Jua Kali enterprises. This research assessed the effects of seed capital on firm performance of Jua Kali enterprises in Kamukunji, Nairobi City County, Kenya. The specific objectives were to; establish the effect of angel investors, equity financing and crowdfunding on firm performance of Jua Kali enterprises in Kamukunji, Nairobi City County, Kenya. The anchor theory was the Resource-Based View, Pecking Order Theory, and Information Asymmetry Theory. The study used quantitative methods, applying positivism paradigms. Both explanatory and descriptive research designs was used in this study. The target population was the 4763 Jua Kal enterprises in Kamukunji, Nairobi City County, Kenya and unit of enquiry their managers/owners. Using, a formula, the study obtained a sample size of 367 respondents. The study used stratified proportionate sampling and simple random sampling to obtain respondents from the associations. Construct validity was used to examine the questionnaire's validity and Cronbach's alpha at the 0.7 level was used to test its reliability.  Data was analysed to produce descriptive and inferential statistics. The results from the analysis were presented on frequency tables.  The study found that each of angel investors, equity financing and crowdfunding, has significant effect on firm performance of Jua Kali enterprises in Kamukunji, Nairobi City County, Kenya. The study recommends for angel investors to be active not only in providing finance but also in strategic mentorship and networking, and advisory services. For entrepreneurs, internal equity financing should come first while the potential of crowdfunding can be harnessed by training business owners. More so, entrepreneurs should build management skills, financial literacy, and strategic abilities while the government and regulatory bodies should streamline policies and clarify compliance requirements with supportive tax incentives.

Advocates of blockchain claim widespread impact will be forthcoming shortly. However, the path of innovation in blockchain is uncharted. Investors will assess where blockchain innovation will profit first and most. The timing and impact of each blockchain innovation is a key consideration for business managers. Link, Ruhm, and Siegel (2014) suggest private equity investments forecast which innovations are likely to succeed. Previous research on private equity gives insight on why that ownership structure is especially successful. Private equity investments are collected for two periods and categorized according to basic blockchain components, basic cryptocurrency payment components, and decentralized applications, particularly applications in financial services. The results suggest investors have acted prudently, investing strongly in building blocks, payment systems and fundamental applications, showing a primary emphasis on refining blockchain and realizing standard blockchain protocols before investing in highly complex applications. Further, financial services applications dominate, suggesting investors see financial services as far and away the most likely industry for imminent deconstruction.