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The transportation sector is one of the sectors that contribute to the South African economy and its people’s well-being. This sector facilitates goods transportation and people’s mobility through air, water and land transportation. In recent decades passenger transportation journeys experienced a decline and this decline may due to various causes such as cost of transportation, low economic growth, exchange rate volatility, unemployment and petrol price. This study aimed to analyze the effect of petrol price, exchange rate and unemployment rate on on-road passenger journeys. The study applied ARDL and ECM models to data from 2008 to 2021 to examine how the variables above influence long-term and short behaviour in road passenger journeys.  Findings revealed that, in the long run, all independent variables influence road passenger journeys. Yet, unemployment has more power over road passenger journeys than exchange rate and petrol price. Short-term dynamics reveal that only the exchange rate and unemployment influence road passenger journeys. The study recommends job creation, exchange rate strengthening and petrol subsidies to increase the number of road passenger journeys in South Africa.

Presidential Regulation No. 191/2014, regulates the subsidy policy for Gas Oil, which is a fixed subsidy. Meanwhile, the retail selling price of Gas Oil will fluctuate in the society according to the formula calculation. However, since April 2016 the price of Gas Oil has been fixed. In certain cases, the determination of the retail selling price may differ from the calculation of the formula considering the state's financial capacity, the purchasing power of the people, and the real economy. This research will examine the influence of the state's financial capacity, the purchasing power of the people, and the real economy, either partially or simultaneously, on the policy of determining the retail sale price, and its impact. The test was carried out through multiple linear regression analysis using IBM Statistics 20. The results showed that the state's financial capacity and the real economy had a significant effect on the retail selling price policy for JBT Solar Oil. Meanwhile, people's purchasing power does not have a significant effect. The determination of the retail selling price of Gas Oil that is not in accordance with the calculation formula may give an impact on society, business entities, and the government.

The transportation sector is one of the sectors that contribute to the South African economy and its people’s well-being. This sector facilitates goods transportation and people’s mobility through air, water and land transportation. In recent decades passenger transportation journeys experienced a decline and this decline may due to various causes such as cost of transportation, low economic growth, exchange rate volatility, unemployment and petrol price. This study aimed to analyze the effect of petrol price, exchange rate and unemployment rate on on-road passenger journeys. The study applied ARDL and ECM models to data from 2008 to 2021 to examine how the variables above influence long-term and short behaviour in road passenger journeys.  Findings revealed that, in the long run, all independent variables influence road passenger journeys. Yet, unemployment has more power over road passenger journeys than exchange rate and petrol price. Short-term dynamics reveal that only the exchange rate and unemployment influence road passenger journeys. The study recommends job creation, exchange rate strengthening and petrol subsidies to increase the number of road passenger journeys in South Africa.

Presidential Regulation No. 191/2014, regulates the subsidy policy for Gas Oil, which is a fixed subsidy. Meanwhile, the retail selling price of Gas Oil will fluctuate in the society according to the formula calculation. However, since April 2016 the price of Gas Oil has been fixed. In certain cases, the determination of the retail selling price may differ from the calculation of the formula considering the state's financial capacity, the purchasing power of the people, and the real economy. This research will examine the influence of the state's financial capacity, the purchasing power of the people, and the real economy, either partially or simultaneously, on the policy of determining the retail sale price, and its impact. The test was carried out through multiple linear regression analysis using IBM Statistics 20. The results showed that the state's financial capacity and the real economy had a significant effect on the retail selling price policy for JBT Solar Oil. Meanwhile, people's purchasing power does not have a significant effect. The determination of the retail selling price of Gas Oil that is not in accordance with the calculation formula may give an impact on society, business entities, and the government.