International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science

In today’s business world, social media tools (i.e. facebook, twitter, Linkedin, etc.) begin to play an important role in reaching and communicating with customers for businesses. However, the importance of using social media can’t be still understood by SMEs so far.  Businesses use different social media tools in various purposes in their life. In this research we aim to investigate the ideas of SMEs about social media and their aims of using social media tools. Data were collected from SMEs operating in Burdur by simple random sampling. The data obtained from the 84 questionnaires was entered to computer and statistical analysis was carried out by using SPSS 20 statistical program. In this study, reliability analysis was used firstly. Then, some descriptive analyses were carried out about using social media for SMEs. Finally, a frequency table regarding the social media usage in SMEs was given. As a result, it was seen that 82.1% of SMEs participating in this study have a social network page. Secondly, SMEs are using facebook social media network mostly. In addition, SMEs have expressed that they attend all statements involved in the use of social media scale.

This research aims to investigate the relation of the innovation types such as service innovation, process innovation and management innovation with the performance. Additionally, this study will also focus on whether there is a mediator role of technological capability and organizational learning on performance. The research data were collected from 306 principals and teachers working in medium-large scaled high schools in Istanbul. The research results showed that, as hypothesized, the types of innovations significantly correlated with the performance. Besides, organizational learning and technological capability had partially a mediating effect in the relationship between the innovation types and performance.

Rapid urbanization and the advances in Information and Communication Technology have changed the definition of "city" all over the world. In the beginning, the concept emerged as Digital Cities and gradually changed to Smart Cities bringing criteria along. It is inevitable that, in future the concept will change and develop new criteria. There are many components in the smart city, with the knowledge of the idea of "information and communication technologies", which is the focus of smart cities and the cities of the future. The ability to define cities as smart is possible through the development of balanced applications around these applications. In this study, the Istanbul city will be evaluated in the context of smart city studies while it is presented with components of smart city concept.

Concepts such as retro marketing, retro branding and nostalgia marketing are important issues that have come to the agenda in recent years in our world, which is undergoing intensive change and transformation processes. The longing for past periods can be an important source of marketing work for the consumer. Few scientific studies have been conducted in Turkey for retro marketing. It is possible to carry out researches on retro marketing and retro branding, to test relations with different concepts and to develop the researches in detailed form. The aim of this study is to determine whether the general hypotheses tested in the literature will have the same effect on brands carrying retro marketing activities. The scales for the concepts in the research were taken from the literature and 401 participants were reached by convenience sampling method. As a result of the study, it was detected that the dimensions of retro brand experience affect the intention of re-purchasing and brand loyalty. It has also been observed that the retro brand experience dimensions also affect the retro brand attitude, retro brand credibility and customer satisfaction. Finally, it has been tested whether retro brand attitude, retro brand credibility, and customer satisfaction concepts affect repurchase intention and brand loyalty. As a result, it has been observed that these concepts affect repurchase intention and brand loyalty.

Energy is one of the most important dynamics of economic growth all over the world. Specially developing countries are in need of much more enery to provide economic growth. In this study, the relationship between energy consumption, economic growth, inflation and trade openness is exaimined by using structural VAR model for fragile five countries which have similar characteristics in terms of macroeconomic indicators. The analysis carried out with annual data that contains 1971-2013 period for fragile countries which contains of Turkey, South Africa, India, Indonesia and Brazil. According to the empirical results of the study, shocks that emerged in economic growth affect energy consumption positively but decreasingly in all countries. A substantial part of changes in energy consumption are explaned with economic growth in Turkey, India and Brazil. More than 80 percent of changes in energy consumption arise from energy consumption in South Africa and Indonesia.

Energy is one of the most important dynamics of economic growth all over the world. Specially developing countries are in need of much more enery to provide economic growth. In this study, the relationship between energy consumption, economic growth, inflation and trade openness is exaimined by using structural VAR model for fragile five countries which have similar characteristics in terms of macroeconomic indicators. The analysis carried out with annual data that contains 1971-2013 period for fragile countries which contains of Turkey, South Africa, India, Indonesia and Brazil. According to the empirical results of the study, shocks that emerged in economic growth affect energy consumption positively but decreasingly in all countries. A substantial part of changes in energy consumption are explaned with economic growth in Turkey, India and Brazil. More than 80 percent of changes in energy consumption arise from energy consumption in South Africa and Indonesia.

Aim of this research is to investigate the relationship between intentional leadership styles and innovation. Research, was held in Istanbul Sisli, at the one of Turkey's largest logistics company. A total of 7000 people, including 1200 mid-level executives and 100 senior executives, are in operation. The survey was conducted with the participation of 100 senior managers. Working with this content is a case study. As a result of analysis of research data; it was found that there was a significant positive relationship between the general leadership scale and the autocracy, democracy, humanism, bureaucracy and charismatic subordinate to it. Another meaningful relationship was found between leadership scale sub-dimensions and autocracy and innovation scale. A statistically significant difference was not found between the variables except this.

This research aims to investigate the relation of the innovation types such as service innovation, process innovation and management innovation with the performance. Additionally, this study will also focus on whether there is a mediator role of technological capability and organizational learning on performance. The research data were collected from 306 principals and teachers working in medium-large scaled high schools in Istanbul. The research results showed that, as hypothesized, the types of innovations significantly correlated with the performance. Besides, organizational learning and technological capability had partially a mediating effect in the relationship between the innovation types and performance.

Interest income is considered as forbidden in Islam. Therefore, in Turkey, conservatives generally don’t prefer general banking and by this way funds can’t be used in economic system. So saving deficit can’t be solved in country and saving of people depreciates against inflation. Participation banks which work according to Islamic rules are set up to bring these funds to economy. Participation banking operates in more than 60 countries today and conservatives generally prefer to work with because they are working to principles of profit instead of interest. To attract and persuade more people, at first participation banks should satisfy their customers. In our study we aim to measure customer satisfaction in participation banks in Kastamonu and to reveal the differences between demographic groups. To this aim we conducted a questionnaire to customers of participation banks in Kastamonu.

Kullanımları dünya genelinde yaygınlaşan sosyal medya siteleri ciro yaratarak karlı birer işletme haline gelebilmek için günümüzde reklam destekli iş modelleri kullanmaktadır. Kullanıcıların ücretsiz olarak kullanmaya alıştığı bu platformlara erişim için ücret ödemek istemeyecekleri varsayımıyla reklam destekli modeller tercih edilmektedir. Bu çalışma içerisinde sosyal medya sitelerinin en yaygın kullanılanı olan Facebook üzerinde gösterilen reklamlara kullanıcıların tutumları ölçümlenmiş ve bu tutum ve tutumu oluşturan faktörlerin Facebook reklamlarını görmemek için para ödemeye etkisi test edilmiştir. Ödeme eğiliminde olan ve olmayan kullanıcılar arasında farklılar irdelenmiştir. Literatürde kabul görmüş ölçekler yardımıyla hazırlanan anket formu İnternet üzerinden Facebook kullanıcılarına dağıtılmış, elde edilen 327 soru formu bir ön-analiz sürecinden geçirilerek düşük kaliteli ve tam doldurulmamış anketler ayıklanarak 281 kullanılabilir soru formuna ulaşılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde yapısal eşitlik modellemesi kullanılmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen analiz sonuçlarına göre Facebook reklamlarına olan tutum ve tutumun öncülleri reklamları görmemek için ödeme niyetine olumsuz yönde etki etmektedir.