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This study examines the impact of social media exposure to promotional discounts on the travel intentions and purchasing behaviours of Millennials and Generation X airline consumers in the National Capital Region (NCR), Philippines, as social media and technology increasingly serve as vital instruments in the airline industry's marketing and promotional sales strategies. Due to the existence of studies on this topic elsewhere, there is a paucity of research and statistics available to reflect the current state of the Philippine aviation business. Considering that airlines are gradually rebounding from the challenges posed by the early pandemic and the tourism business is currently thriving, the researchers found it compelling and recognised the potential for more investigation on this topic. The researchers conducted an analysis of data from 390 respondents using PLS-SEM, revealing that social media exposure does not directly affect travel intentions, although both brand image and promotional discounts do have an influence. Travel intentions serve as significant indicators of purchasing behaviour. Promotional discounts act as an essential intermediary between social media visibility and brand perception regarding travel intentions. These findings underscore the significance of integrating Promotional Discounts into social media and branding efforts to effectively enhance customer Travel Intention. Scholars and researchers may significantly benefit from the conceptual framework and findings of the present study. Additional investigation into the interrelations among the elements may enhance the economic resilience of the tourism and airline industries during a pandemic. The findings indicate that promotional discounts serve as a mediator; therefore, marketers and decision-makers in the tourism sector should explore strategies to enhance their advertising and marketing approaches to boost travel intentions and foster business growth.

Amidst China's robust push for aesthetic education reform, the emphasis on interdisciplinary and cross-specialty collaboration necessitates alterations to traditional collaboration frameworks, presenting fresh challenges for leadership. While most of today's schools have documented the closely knitted relationship between leadership and teacher collaboration in educational settings, very few attempts have been made to explore what competencies college leaders employ to infuse creative collaboration into the organizational culture and how this creative collaboration affects teachers’ work, especially under the aesthetic education reform in China. This research used qualitative case study and thematic analysis to explore leaders' competencies to promote creative collaboration in the organizational culture. This case study involved 10 participants from one College of Fine Arts in Henan, China, selected through purposeful sampling. Data were collected through 16 semi-structured interviews and the review of relevant documents. Findings reveal that the college dean employs an integrated leadership approach to foster positive creative collaboration among teachers. Findings were organized into the following themes: (i) Clear and decisive, collaboration-oriented organizational decision-making and guidance mechanisms; (ii) People-centric mindset: Fostering open and honest communication, creating a trusting environment; (iii) Maintenance and practice of integrity and responsibility; and finally (iv) Creating resources supporting and common goals to ignite teachers' passion for collaborative engagement. Valuable guidance in the leadership model for fostering positive teacher-creative collaboration for leaders in Chinese aesthetic education reform is provided based on these findings.

This study gives emphasis on how a values-based Performance Management System can lead to promoting congruence between organizational core values and the personal values of employees. Specifically, this study focuses on a tertiary higher education institution located in Manila, Philippines and how a values-based Performance Management System may be designed in order to achieve congruence of values. Congruence contributes to success by ensuring that the behaviors exhibited by employees in the workplace are strategically aligned with the vision, mission, goals, and objectives of the organization. Competence, commitment, and compassion are the core values of the organization in this study. The definitions and hallmarks of the core values were established through the interviews with university administrators. To establish a values-based Performance Management System, the core values were translated into competencies and behavioral indicators which may be incorporated in performance appraisal. This institutes a values-based competency model for managing the performance of an organization’s human capital, which has the goal of sustainably strengthening the congruence of values.

IFRS 16 addresses the criticisms against IAS 17 that allowed lessees not to recognize assets and liabilities related to operating leases. This study analyzed the impact of operating lease capitalization on 38 selected Philippine-listed companies' key financial ratios from the service sector from 2016 - 2021 under PFRS 16. Key financial ratios were calculated and compared to the changes that happened due to the adoption of PFRS 16 – Leases with firm size, firm age, inflation rate, nominal GDP growth rate and the unemployment rate as moderating variables. Mann-Whitney U Test was employed to analyze the impact of pre-and post-PFRS implementation on financial ratios. The impact of predictor variables on PFRS 16 and key financial ratios were examined using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression analysis. The study result revealed a significant negative influence of PFRS 16 implementation on return on equity, price-earnings ratio, and price-to-book ratio; and a significant positive influence on the debt-equity ratio, and earnings per share. Firm age positively moderates the return on equity and PFRS 16 adoption (p = 0.032). Only the nominal GDP growth rate moderates the key financial ratio and PFRS 16 in terms of the price-earnings ratio (p = 0.019). This implies that PFRS 16 adoption significantly influences some key financial ratios. Management should reconsider their business model, especially on lease transactions, as it will impact their financial reporting. The new accounting standards must be well communicated to stakeholders considering the firm-level and macroeconomic indices for better decision making.

The study aims to determine the effect of the humanistic management style of administrators on the counterproductive work behaviour of employees. To deepen the understanding of the concepts and to establish the theories of the study, literature was reviewed. The study used descriptive assessment and a correlational research design. The population of the study was all employees and administrators of Divine Word College of Laoag. Questionnaires were used to gather the data and weighted mean and Pearson r correlation was used to analyze the data. The study found that the humanistic management style of administrators is high and counterproductive behaviour is low. However, Pearson r correlation indicated that there is no significant correlation between humanistic management style and counterproductive behaviour of employees. Thus, the hypothesis is rejected.

The study aims to examine the effect of computer and internet self-efficacy on the job satisfaction of employees. To support and establish the theories of the study, literature was reviewed. The study used descriptive assessment and correlational research design and questionnaires were used to gather the data. The population of the study was all employees composed of teaching and non-teaching personnel. The study found that the computer and internet self-efficacy of employees was high and their job satisfaction. Based on Mult r regression analysis, it was found that taken together, computer and internet self-efficacy affects the job satisfaction of employees. Taken singly, it was the only computer that predicted the job satisfaction of employees. In other words, knowing both computers and the internet at the same time can affect employees’ capability to perform their work and job satisfaction.

The study aims to examine the effect of corporate governance on the individual work performance of employees of private higher education. To deepen the understanding of the concept of corporate governance and work performance, literature was reviewed. The study used a descriptive assessment and correlational research design and the population of the study was all employees of the Divine Word College of Laoag, Ilocos Norte. Questionnaires were used to gather the data. The study found that the corporate governance of the institution is considered high and the work performance is moderate. However, the Pearson r product moment analysis found that there is a significant correlation between corporate governance and the individual work performance of employees.

The study aimed to examine the effect of family business background and entrepreneurial education background on the business intention of the fourth-year students. To deepen the understanding of the topic and to establish the theories of the study, literature was reviewed. It used a descriptive correlational research design. The population of the study was the fourth-year students and total enumeration was applied. The results of the study indicate that family business and entrepreneurial education background are correlated significantly with the business intention of the students. It further found that students who have a family business background and entrepreneurial education background have higher business intention compared to those who have no both.

In the age of technology and a competitive market within the Philippines, an adverse stance or aftereffects of a situation have a significant impact on the sensibility of the audiences and are likely to prompt either positive or negative reactions from them. However, in the marketing and advertising sectors, the belief "All Publicity is Good Publicity" is well-known, which states that any form of publicity is fine as long as it cultivates presence and visibility. To be able to determine whether the notion is still highly appropriate in the 21st century and to provide a definite difference between good and bad publicity, the researchers have used a mixed-method approach and employed the use of quasi-experiment and short Focus Group Discussion (FGD) instruments for forty (40) participants under the Generation Z demographic group in Metro Manila. The researchers have also chosen six (6) business owners, advertisers, or managers within the metro for personal interviews in order to identify the perspective of both parties. Overall, the results show that the notion is no longer very relevant. According to the four influencing factors, defiance of advertising ethics does not always result in negative press, but non-compliance with corporate social responsibility (CSR), controversial advertising and situations, and corporate scandals do. It is important to highlight that every advertising or activity must be well-planned since there is a clear difference between good and poor exposure.

The purpose of this study is to determine the mediating and moderating factor of organizational climate on the relationship of career adaptability and career intention. A total of 991 employees from a government institution participated in the study. The results showed that there are significant relationships between organizational climate, career adaptability, and career intention. The organizational climate was found to mediate the relationship between career adaptability and career intention. However, the organizational climate has no moderating effect on career adaptability and career intention. The result will be useful in providing guidance in the design and development of programs that will strengthen the employees’ career intention and the overall perception of the organizational climate.

Employees’ level of career intention plays an important role in organizational readiness and dynamism to achieve success. Several studies were conducted on career adaptability and career intention, however, only a few were able to find evidence on the influence of position and years in service to government employees in the Philippines. This study aims to determine the significant differences in career adaptability and career intention of government employees based on years of service and job level. Results showed a significant difference in career intention when grouped according to job level and years in service and no significant difference in career adaptability when grouped according to job level and years in service.

This study aimed to determine the effect of bureaucratic and humanistic management styles of administrators on the organizational citizenship behaviours of employees. To deepen the study, literature was reviewed and theories were established. The study used a descriptive correlational research design and used questionnaires to gather the data. The study found that the bureaucratic management style is higher than the humanistic management style. The higher the bureaucratic management style, the lower the humanistic management style becomes. Based on the correlational analysis, it found that management styles of administrators correlate to the organizational citizenship behaviours of employees. Therefore, the hypothesis of the study is accepted.

The objective of this research is to determine the level of integration of 3 values namely integrity, commitment and corporate social responsibility which are part of SVD’s organizational culture to its 3 human resource activities namely hiring, training & development, and compensation and benefits The respondents of this research were employees of Divine Word College academic institutions located in different areas in the Philippines.  A self-made questionnaire that was subjected to validity and reliability tests was distributed online and 405 questionnaires were retrieved. The collected data were processed and analyzed using SPSS 22.0. Results show that the 3 values are integrated into the 3 major human resource activities such that integrity, commitment, and corporate social responsibility are integrated into the hiring, training & development, and compensation and benefits. 

Organizations regardless of type, structure, size, among other factors may have similar foundations in the development of HR policy but applicable factors for consideration may vary. Among the most common factor in the development of an HR policy is the culture of the organization. In making sure that the DWEA core values are working within the person in SVD educational institutions, it became the aim of this study to come up with an HR model that would be functional and best support the vision, mission, and goals of all Northern, Central and Southern SVD schools in the Philippines. Specifically, this study determined the level of integration and implementation of organizational leadership and excellence towards 3 HR practices namely:  employee relations, performance appraisal, and work-life balance.  While the results show that organizational leadership and excellence are integrated and implemented in the 3 human resource practices namely employee relations, performance appraisal, and work like balance, it is highly recommended that the administrators of the different SVD educational institutions must review the integration of the moderately rated practices in its employee relations, performance appraisal, and work-life balance in order to recalibrate its existing systems.  Furthermore, those integrated but moderately implemented should likewise be appraised for full implementation. 

The study wanted to determine the correlation between the exercise of leadership skills of administrators of Divine Word Colleges in the Ilocos Region and the work engagement of employees. To support the study, related literature was reviewed to establish the theoretical foundation of the study. The study used a descriptive assessment and correlational research design. To gather the data, the validated questionnaires were used and weighted mean and Pearson r or Product-Moment Correlation were used to interpret the data. Weighted mean was used to determine the level of leadership skills of administrators and Pearson r was used to determine the correlation between leadership skill and work engagement of employees. The study found that there is a correlation between leadership skill and work engagement of employees and therefore the hypothesis of the study is accepted

The researcher studied and investigated the level of importance of consumers’ choice mainly price, location, safety and security, facilities and amenities, and exclusivity in the Philippines. This research was limited to 400 potential residential property buyers from any of the top 10 real estate developers in the Philippines. This study focused on 5 consumers’ choice factors mainly price, location, safety and security, facilities and amenities, and exclusivity towards purchase intention of residential property in the Philippines. Among the 5 consumers’ choice factors for buying residential property, the number one consideration is the safety and security (Mean = 5.530), followed by price (Mean = 5.488), location (Mean = 5.424), facilities and amenities (Mean = 5.266), and exclusivity (Mean = 4.983). From this study, four out of five consumers’ choice factors are rated very high important namely: price, location, safety and security, and facilities and amenities. On the other hand, exclusivity is rated of high importance in terms of buying a residential property.

The study used a qualitative approach to gather data from the participants through the interview and focused group discussions (FGD).  The participants consisting of 30 for the interview and 11 for the FGD were asked to answer the questions using a semi-structured, open-ended interview guide.  The results of the interview and FGD were carefully examined using thematic analysis. The results show that as to the level of awareness of the host communities regarding the different SMDP of the mining companies, there is strong evidence on the high level of awareness of the respondents as to human resource development, enterprise development, assistance to infrastructure development, access to education, access to health services; and protections to respect of socio-cultural values. As to the level of agreement of the impact of the different SMDP implement by the mining companies, the respondents confirmed the positive effects of these programs in relation to education, health, social and cultural, and economic indicators. As to the perception of the respondents on the sustainability of the SMDP, except for the completeness of documents available in the designated SMDP offices in the communities, the respondents confirmed and agreed on the sustainability of the SMDP in terms of stakeholder groups relationship; company financial and management capacity; and compliance with the legal requirements.

The objective of this research is to provide the necessary framework and recommendations to help just completed Corporate Social Responsibility Programs of mining companies and eventually improve their existing implementation of SDMP for the benefit of the host communities. The researcher used the mixed-method research design wherein both the qualitative and quantitative approaches were utilized to better understand and validate the results. For the quantitative approach, survey questionnaires were administered to 376 respondents from the host communities during site visits. On the other hand, the qualitative approach used to interview and FGD to the various community representatives of the same host communities. The results revealed that the respondents are aware of the 1.5% budget of mining companies for SMDP and mining companies have adequate and professional personnel that run the operations of SMDP projects. However, it was found that mining companies have an incomplete set of SMDP documents kept in their offices. The results also revealed that the respondents of the five Barangays have strongly agreed that there are social issues raised against the mining project but they disagreed on the stakeholder groups are satisfied with the process.

Banks are believed to  instrumental to economic growth because it provides the financial backbone needed to spur economic development through business creation and expansion. A healthy and resilient banking sector signals economic growth and development that is sustainable. The efficient transfer of funds from those that has surplus of them towards those that need them has been made possible due to the intermediation of banks. In the Philippines, banking formally started in 1851 with the establishment of the Bank of the Philippine Islands, which up to this day, stands to be one of the country’s biggest and most stable universal bank. This study analyzes how universal banks grew over the years, and determines whether a correlation exists between universal bank growth and economic growth, using the variable of GDP growth rate as proxy for economic growth. The study showed that at the most recent periods, universal banks’ ROE and ROA are negatively correlated with GDP growth rate.   Key words: Universal banks, History of banking, Economic growth of the Philippines, GDP growth rate

Universal banks are important economic drivers in the Philippines since they provide the financial backbone for businesses and investments. Universal banks comprise 90% of the country’s banking system resources. Eleven [11] of the twenty-one [21] universal banks in the country are listed in the Philippine Stock Exchange, and these banks are the top universal banks based on capitalization. Price to Earnings Ratio [PER] is a commonly utilized investment assessment tool and this ratio indicates how much investors are willing to pay for a stock and is calculated as the ratio of the stock price over earnings per share. Since the stock price is dictated by the stock market, this paper seeks to determine if the P/E ratio of universal banks in the Philippines is correlated to its stock returns, the implication of which is how to form an appropriate balance between stock price volatility and banks’ valuation. The paper uses panel data of the 11 listed universal banks from 2010 to 2018, using Pearson Correlation. The study resulted in a generally weak correlation, however, there were banks that exhibited strong, positive, significant correlation.