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This study aims to empirically analyze the three key pillars of university financial sustainability—revenue-generating activities, good financial governance, and IT capabilities—with performance, age, and size as control variables. Using a survey method targeting private universities in Indonesia, data were collected from financial leadership representatives across 14 provinces, yielding 627 valid responses. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine the relationships among variables. The results reveal significant positive effects of good financial governance on financial sustainability, IT capabilities on financial sustainability and revenue-generating activities on financial sustainability. Furthermore, revenue-generating activities have a strong positive impact on both good financial governance and IT capabilities. The analysis also identifies IT capability as a mediating variable between revenue-generating activities and financial sustainability, as well as between good financial governance and financial sustainability. These findings underscore the strategic role of technology-based governance in enhancing the financial resilience of higher education institutions. Accordingly, the study recommends strengthening the three pillars of financial sustainability—revenue diversification, sound governance practices, and robust IT capabilities—to ensure long-term institutional sustainability.

This research investigates the connection between governmental assistance and business outcomes, incorporating the intermediary functions of business networking and digital marketing. Data were gathered through a questionnaire, which was distributed to 152 participants who represent MSMEs in the culinary industry in Surabaya City. The examination of this data was performed utilizing the SEM-PLS method, facilitated by SmartPLS 3.0 software. Findings from the study reveal that governmental support significantly enhances both business networking and digital marketing. Additionally, business networking and digital marketing significantly improve business performance. The research additionally illustrates that both business networking and digital marketing play a significant role in mediating the connection between government support and the success of culinary MSMEs in Surabaya City.

This study examines the impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on economic growth in South Africa over the period 2000 to 2023. An Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression model was employed to assess the relationship between FDI inflows and Gross Domestic Product (GDP), while controlling for key macroeconomic variables. The findings reveal that FDI exerts a significant positive influence on economic performance, with a 1% increase in FDI inflows associated with a 1.93% rise in GDP. However, high inflation exerts a detrimental effect, with a coefficient of -1.99, highlighting the importance of macroeconomic stability. The analysis also indicates that trade openness contributes positively to economic growth, while political risk remains a substantial deterrent to investment, as shown by a coefficient of -3.11. These findings underline the importance of maintaining a stable political environment, managing inflation effectively, and enhancing trade liberalisation to maximise the benefits of FDI. Policy recommendations include strengthening regulatory frameworks and fostering trade openness.

Although halal tourism has attracted growing scholarly attention, existing studies predominantly emphasize market potential, tourist perceptions, and promotional strategies. To date, no research has rigorously examined the probability of Muslim tourists’ visit decisions by integrating halal attributes, religiosity, and attitudes within Indonesia’s five Super Priority Destinations (SPDs). Addressing this gap, the present study applies a quantitative design using a probabilistic logit model based on survey data from Muslim tourists. The findings reveal that the completeness of halal attributes substantially increases the probability of destination choice, while religiosity and positive tourist attitudes further strengthen the likelihood of visits. These results demonstrate that halal tourism decisions can be modelled as a probabilistic function of destination attributes rather than solely as cultural or religious expressions. The study highlights the critical role of Destination Management Organizations (DMOs) in institutionalizing halal standards, thereby enhancing visit probabilities, boosting competitiveness, and ensuring sustainable tourism development.

The rapid growth of the digital information ecosystem, characterized by cross-channel conversations, the spread of misinformation, and the increasing vulnerability of corporate reputation, highlights the urgency of developing strategic communication systems powered by data and artificial intelligence for early detection and crisis mitigation. This study therefore focuses on examining the role and effectiveness of the Digital Engagement Center (DEC) at PT United Tractors Tbk (UT), while also exploring the experiences, practices, and perceptions of communication and management practitioners regarding its use in strategic decision-making. Although the literature on media monitoring, AI-driven communication, and early warning systems is extensive, research on their application in the form of an integrated system such as DEC remains limited, particularly in developing countries like Indonesia. This makes the study relevant in addressing this gap and providing both theoretical and practical contributions. In the employing qualitative intrinsic case study design, data were collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis, and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings indicate that DEC is an effective AI-enabled early warning system for real-time analysis, classification, and prediction of issues while requiring validation by a human for shifting communication toward a proactive rather than reactive model. Effectiveness is further evidenced by early detection of issues such as the internal PPE case, whereby supported automated notifications, monthly sentiment reports, and the AMEC model underscore the significance of timely imports, interpretation, and support within the organization. Moreover, DEC serves as a strategic instrument for leaders and communication practitioners to design narratives, strategies, and data-driven policies through its interactive dashboard and escalation SOPs, thereby strengthening public trust and fostering a more adaptive and collaborative organizational communication culture.

This paper examines how organizational culture and transformational leadership directly and indirectly affect employee performance through organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) within Lembaga Perkreditan Desa (LPD) or Village Credit Institutions in Buleleng Regency, Bali. It also clarifies how social exchange processes underpin these relationships in a community-based finance setting. A hybrid analytic method combining instrument pretesting, measurement-model evaluation, and variance-based structural equation modeling with mediation testing was employed. Primary survey data were collected from 88 staff-level employees across nine sub-districts over a six-month field period. The findings reveal that supportive culture significantly increases OCB and performance while transformational leadership enhances OCB but has no direct effect on performance. OCB improves performance and mediates both the culture–performance and leadership–performance links. Practically, LPD leaders should treat OCB as a performance lever, engaging staff in decision-making, recognizing discretionary effort, and aligning incentives, resources, and routines. Strengthening collectivist culture, long-term orientation, fair gender norms, and adaptive rules will help ensure that extra-role behaviors consistently translate into measurable performance outcomes

Indonesia is optimistic about becoming the center of the world's halal industry and the halal industry covers very diverse aspects of life, from the financial, food and beverage, tourism, pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries to the fashion industry. This very broad aspect of course requires the support of a lot of reliable human resources, namely human resources that are in accordance with the characteristics of Islamic values ??such as professional (kafa'ah), trustworthy (amanah) and himmatul amal (work spirit). For this reason, developing human resources who are currently or will be involved in the sharia industry is important. This research is qualitative research by conducting searches and comparisons of related concepts and policies, then analyzing them using the monotheism concept approach and finally describing the results of the interpretation of the data collected so that finally conclusions are drawn and convey the development model that should be carried out.

Capital financing plays a crucial role in sustaining the growth potential of pharmaceutical companies, enabling them to expand operations and compete effectively in the market. In the face of a slowing global economy, maintaining solid financial performance across existing business lines becomes increasingly important. This study aims to examine the relationship between capital structure and the financial performance of pharmaceutical companies in Indonesia. The research sample consists of nine publicly listed pharmaceutical firms over the period 2013–2023. The empirical analysis employs three panel data estimation approaches—Pooled Ordinary Least Squares (Pooled OLS), Fixed Effects Model (FEM), and Random Effects Model (REM)—to account for different assumptions about unobserved firm-specific characteristics. Based on the Hausman test, FEM is determined as the most suitable model for the dataset. The estimation results reveal that the Long-term Debt to Total Assets (LDTA) ratio exerts a statistically significant negative effect on Return on Assets (ROA), indicating that a higher proportion of long-term debt tends to reduce profitability. Conversely, the Short-term Debt to Total Assets (SDTA) and Total Debt to Total Equity (TDTE) ratios have positive but statistically insignificant impacts on ROA, suggesting that neither short-term liabilities nor overall leverage significantly influence profitability in the observed period. These results imply that excessive reliance on long-term borrowing can impose interest burdens and financial constraints, thereby weakening performance. Consequently, financial managers in the pharmaceutical sector are encouraged to optimize their financing structure, prioritizing internal funds or short-term financing sources that align with operational needs and market conditions to sustain profitability and ensure long-term competitiveness.

This study investigates the impact of Information Technology (IT) and Organizational Culture on Employee Performance, with Job Satisfaction as a mediating variable, and Task-Technology Fit as a moderating factor. Conducted in the context of the Direktorat Jenderal Perbendaharaan (DJPB) in East Java, the study analyzes the relationships between these variables and their collective influence on employee performance. Data was collected from 297 employees using an online questionnaire, with a quantitative approach based on Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) for data analysis. The study finds that both IT and Organizational Culture significantly enhance Employee Performance, with Job Satisfaction mediating these effects. Additionally, Task-Technology Fit moderates the relationship between IT and Employee Performance, as well as between Organizational Culture and Employee Performance. The study emphasizes the importance of aligning technology with tasks and fostering a positive organizational culture to enhance job satisfaction, which in turn boosts employee performance. The results contribute to the understanding of how IT, Organizational Culture, Job Satisfaction, and Task-Technology Fit interrelate to influence performance, providing practical implications for improving human resource management and operational efficiency in public sector organizations.

This study aims to analyse the influence of vigour and competitiveness on employee performance by considering the mediating role of involvement balance and the moderating role of employee intrapreneurship. A quantitative approach was used in this study, with data collected through questionnaires distributed to 258 employees in the Consumer Credit Business Division of PT Bank Central Asia, TBK (BCA). The sampling technique applied was a saturated sample, where all members of the population who met the research criteria became respondents. Data analysis was performed using the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) method applied through the Partial Least Squares (PLS) technique. The results of the study indicate that vigour has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, and the same applies to competitiveness. In addition, this study also found that involvement balance acts as a mediating variable that connects the influence between vigour and employee performance, as well as between competitiveness and employee performance. Meanwhile, employee intrapreneurship was found to moderate the relationship between vigour and employee performance, but did not have a significant effect on the relationship between competitiveness and employee performance. Based on the results of this study, it is recommended that the management of the Consumer Credit Business Division of PT Bank Central Asia, TBK (BCA) develop programs that support the improvement of employee vigour and competitiveness, as well as support their involvement in innovation to improve overall performance.

This study aims to obtain the results of the analysis of the influence of restaurant image on behavioural intention, with the mediating role of experience value and customer satisfaction on restaurant customers in Ternate City. A total of 127 restaurant customers were used as samples in this study. A purposive sampling approach was used. The analysis method used to test the hypothesis in this study was SEM-PLS. The study showed that restaurant image had no significant effect on behavioural intention. Further studies also showed that restaurant image positively and significantly affected experience value and customer satisfaction, and positively and significantly impacted behavioural intention. The variables experience value and customer satisfaction can mediate the influence of restaurant image on behavioural intention.

This study aims to determine the influence of differentiation strategies, product quality, and price on purchasing decisions in Mataram coffee shops. The type of research used in this research is quantitative research. Meanwhile, the data used in this study is primary data obtained from respondents' answers to the questionnaire to be shared. The sampling method uses the accidental sampling method. The population in this study is visitors to Mataram coffee shops every day. The sample in this study was 75 respondents. The data analysis in this study used multiple linear regression using validity test, reliability test, multiple linear regression analysis test and t hypothesis test and determination coefficient test with the SPSS 26 For Windows statistical application program. The results of this study show that differentiation strategies, product quality, and price have a positive and significant effect on consumer purchasing decisions. Mataram coffee shop management should improve marketing strategies in the form of more competitive prices, good product quality, and innovative differentiation strategies in an effort to improve purchase decisions. By implementing the right differentiation strategy in mataram coffee shops. By implementing the right differentiation strategy, Mataram coffee shops can increase the attractiveness of their products, attract new customers, and build long-term loyalty. Therefore, differentiation remains an element that needs to be strengthened to strengthen the business position in the midst of fierce competition.

This study looks at the effect of accounting flexibility on earnings quality in public companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period 2016 to 2019. This study uses two models to measure earnings quality, namely ERC and earnings persistence. The results showed that accounting flexibility, namely the limitations of companies to carry out accrual earnings management, can reduce earnings quality, as shown by the abnormal accrual model which shows a significant positive coefficient direction, and for the ERC model and earnings persistence which shows a negative and significant coefficient direction. The higher the level of accrual earnings management up to a certain limit point, the more incentive company managers will have to increase accounting flexibility and switch to real earnings management (Xu and Yang, 2013; Masri, 2018). Theoretical contributions show that the higher the level of accrual earnings management up to a certain limit point, the more incentive company managers will have to increase accounting flexibility and switch to real earnings management (Xu and Yang, 2013; Masri, 2018; Purba, Surya, Joshi & Tiagy, 2023). The Implications of this research show that accounting flexibility is carried out when abnormal accruals reach the highest limit point reflected in accounting choices in net operating assets in the balance sheet, so in this case it results in a low level of earnings informativeness and earnings persistence. 

This study analyzes the effect of sustainable investment awareness and risk perception on students' interest in green finance instruments, with financial literacy as a mediating variable. A quantitative approach was used, involving 180 student respondents in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, who were selected through a purposive sampling technique using an online questionnaire via Google Forms. Data analysis was conducted using the SEM-PLS method through SmartPLS version 4.1.1.2. The results showed that sustainable investment awareness, risk perception, and financial literacy positively and significantly affect student investment interest in green finance. In addition, financial literacy acts as a significant mediator in the relationship between sustainable investment awareness and risk perception on interest in investing in green finance. This study contributes to developing literature on sustainable investment behavior among the younger generation, especially university students, by integrating financial literacy variables as a mediating mechanism. The findings expand the understanding of how psychological factors and financial knowledge influence investment decisions in sustainability.  

This research examines digital transformation and corporate entrepreneurship as strategies to face disruption in the global era. The study is motivated by technological advances such as AI, Big Data, and IoT that drive a shift in business paradigms. The research objectives include analyzing corporate entrepreneurship strategies to spur innovation, conducting case studies of companies successfully implementing corporate entrepreneurship, identifying barriers and challenges, and evaluating implications for companies in the digital era. The research employs a qualitative approach using case studies and literature analysis to integrate primary and secondary data through triangulation and thematic analysis. Findings indicate that the application of innovative strategies through corporate entrepreneurship enhances competitive advantage, accelerates digital adaptation, and optimizes both internal and external collaboration. Key barriers—such as conservative organizational culture and limited resources—can be overcome through structural changes and investments in technology and human resources. The conclusions emphasize the importance of synergy between digital innovation and corporate entrepreneurship in creating sustainable company growth. This study contributes strategically to the development of adaptive business models amid digital disruption. The findings are expected to serve as a reference for practitioners and academics in designing innovative strategies that respond effectively to global market dynamics, thereby enhancing operational efficiency and achieving a sustainable competitive edge.  

Despite the national increase in banana production, Kepok banana farmers in Sikka Regency have experienced a sharp decline in both production and income. This study aims to analyze the factors affecting the income of Kepok banana farmers in Sikka Regency by examining the role of production as a mediating variable between key determinants—price, land area, labor, and capital—and income levels. The study employs a quantitative research approach using survey methods to collect primary data from Kepok banana farmers in Sikka Regency. The sampling technique applied is simple random sampling, ensuring proportional representation from 21 sub-districts. Out of a total population of 2,123 farmers, a final sample of 354 farmers was randomly selected. The collected data was analyzed using Partial Least Squares (PLS) through SmartPLS to examine the relationships. The study found that price, land area, labor, and capital all have a positive and significant impact on the production of Kepok bananas in Sikka Regency. Production itself plays a crucial role in influencing farmers' income, alongside price, land area, labor, and capital, all of which have a direct positive and significant effect on income. Production mediates the relationship between price, labor, and capital with farmers' income, indicating that these factors contribute to higher production, which in turn increases income. However, production does not mediate the effect of land area on income, suggesting that while land expansion increases production, its direct impact on income may be influenced by other factors beyond production volume alone.

This paper aims to examine the role of green responsible leadership and green human resource management on environmental performance. In this paper, it is also aimed to examine green orchestration innovation as a mediator. We employed a SmartPLS 4.0 using the SEM-PLS method. A dataset of 150 respondents from students who are active in the top 3 green campuses in East Java, Indonesia was collected using a questionnaire. Main findings of the study demonstrate that (i) green responsible leadership have a significant effect on environmental performance, (ii) green human resource management have a significant effect on environmental performance, and finally (iii) green orchestration innovation acts as a mediator between green responsible leadership and green human resource management on environmental performance. Universities must optimize their resources by orchestrating them through innovation. Furthermore, universities must establish clear regulations to support environmental protection, starting with the learning process, policies, curriculum, and daily activities that can become a model for students' lives after graduation.

The study aims to examine and analyze the role of strategic flexibility on green business performance with eco innovation and green manufacturing as mediating variables. This research adopts a quantitative approach with a purposive sampling technique. The object of the study is manufacturing companies in East Java that are registered under the PROPER program. A total of 136 respondents participated in this study. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The research results show that strategic flexibility significantly influences green business performance, strategic flexibility has a significant effect on eco innovation, strategic flexibility significantly affects green manufacturing, eco innovation and green manufacturing positively influence green business performance, and eco innovation and green manufacturing partially mediate the effect of strategic flexibility on green business performance. The importance of green business performance lies in its ability to support long-term environmental and economic sustainability through innovation and operational transformation. Companies with greater flexibility are more likely to adopt green practices and respond to dynamic environmental changes effectively. This research makes a theoretical contribution by supporting the Resource-Based View (RBV), which highlights the importance of internal resources and capabilities in achieving sustainability goals. Practically, the study provides insights for companies to strengthen strategic adaptability and promote innovation-driven environmental practices.

This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of income on financial well-being, with financial literacy serving as a mediating variable. A quantitative research approach was employed, with the object of study being the community of Poncokusumo Tourism Village. The sample size was determined using a saturated sampling technique, involving 154 respondents from the village community. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings reveal that: (i) income has a significant effect on financial well-being, (ii) financial literacy significantly influences financial well-being, (iii) income positively affects financial literacy, and (iv) financial literacy mediates the relationship between income and financial well-being. Income plays a crucial role as it significantly enhances individuals' quality of life by enabling them to meet daily needs, improve living standards, and plan for future financial security. Furthermore, stable income contributes to greater economic resilience among families and fosters community development. Respondents reported a general satisfaction with their monthly income, which in turn facilitates better financial management and supports the achievement of both short-term and long-term financial goals. This study contributes to the literature by suggesting that village government institutions, non-governmental organizations, and other stakeholders should take initiatives to provide financial literacy training. Future research is encouraged to incorporate additional variables to deepen the understanding of factors influencing financial well-being.

This study examines the influence of transformational leadership and organizational learning on employee performance, mediated by affective commitment, in Cement Company X, Rembang Regency. Using a quantitative approach with 163 respondents, data were analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Squares (PLS). The results indicate that both transformational leadership (? = 0.369, p < 0.001) and organizational learning (? = 0.265, p = 0.012) significantly enhance employee performance. Affective commitment partially mediates these relationships, with mediation effects of 0.129 (p = 0.035) for transformational leadership and 0.093 (p = 0.047) for organizational learning. Transformational leadership, measured through idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration (Bass & Avolio, 1994), fosters emotional bonds (? = 0.490, p < 0.001), while organizational learning (Watkins & Marsick, 1993) strengthens employee competencies and affective ties (? = 0.352, p < 0.001). Affective commitment itself significantly boosts performance (? = 0.263, p = 0.019). These findings align with prior research (Park et al., 2022; Naim & Lenka, 2020) and highlight the dual pathways—direct and mediated—through which leadership and learning culture drive performance in Indonesia’s competitive cement industry. The study underscores the importance of fostering transformational leadership practices and a robust learning environment to cultivate employee engagement and achieve organizational goals.Keyowrd: Transformational leadership, Organizational learning, Affective commitment, Employee performance, PLS-SEM, Cement industry