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Amidst the strategic priorities of any government is the strengthening of public service delivery to citizens, the developmental state to more effectively serve the needs of the people and act as a driving force for socio-economic transformation and upliftment. The key priority in this regard is the strengthening of healthcare service delivery for a healthy citizenry, ensuring more efficient and caring service delivery. The purpose of this research report is to outline the challenges faced by the Eastern Cape Province in delivering quality services to the people of the Eastern Cape in the Health department. The objectives of the study were to provide and ensure accessible comprehensive integrated quality health services in the Eastern Cape, emphasis is on the primary health care approach, optimally utilizing all resources to enable all its present and future generations to enjoy health and quality of life. Although the Eastern Cape delivery of health is facing a myriad of challenges it is however pleasing to note that it’s in line with the implementation of the National Development Plan, the Medium-Term Strategic Framework (2014-2019), the Minister’s Negotiated Service Delivery Agreement (NSDA), National Health Council Priorities. Although the province is failing to fully provide quality health service in so far as Maternal Children’s and Women’s Health (MCWH) package, if the number of reported medico-legal cases from the province is anything to go by promotion of a better life for all is seemingly becoming a pipe dream. The research which was conducted throughout the province looking at the performance enablers in the form of social determinants of health qualitatively and quantitatively looked at the service delivery points and the infrastructure to determine Improvements on the quality and continuum of primary healthcare. However, from the results of the study it is clear that the Province is still managing to reduce morbidity and mortality due to communicable diseases and non-communicable illnesses and conditions by implementing high impact strategies to address prevention, detection, management and support at all levels of care despite the corollary of both institutional failures and Apartheid legacy.

Financial education has gained global attention as essential to financial well-being, yet national strategies often remain fragmented in design and implementation, constraining policy coherence. To address this fragmentation, this article explores the South African financial education ecosystem through a collaborative governance lens to enhance international efforts for sustained, coordinated policy approaches. The Quintuple Helix Model and the Integrative Framework for Collaborative Governance informed a deductive qualitative analysis of statutory law, policy documents, and grey literature to delineate the mandates of key ecosystem actors. The findings reveal four categories—highly formal, semi-formal, knowledge-based and informal. The article introduces a novel Collaboration Mandate Framework for financial education within a governance regime to assist diverse actors in tackling South Africa’s persistent socio-economic challenges. The article concludes that operationalizing a financial education collaborative governance regime offers a viable pathway to enhance policy coherence, strengthen multi-actor collaboration, and improve financial well-being in South Africa.

Increasing linguistic diversity in higher education institutions across Southern Africa has highlighted translanguaging practices in academic discussions. In Zimbabwean universities, English serves as the official language of teaching and learning and international students frequently navigate complex multilingual settings that challenge conventional monolingual teaching methods. This study examines the challenges and opportunities associated with translanguaging practices among international students at a public university in Zimbabwe. The study aims to explore how international students use translanguaging in both academic and social settings, recognise the difficulties they face in largely English-medium environments and assess the potential advantages of translanguaging for achieving academic success and fostering inclusion. The research is grounded in translanguaging theory. A qualitative research approach was utilised and three focus group discussions were used as data collection methods. The groups comprised 17 international students studying at the chosen state university, enrolled in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) and English for Academic Purposes (EAP) courses, from different nationalities and backgrounds. Participants were selected using purposive sampling. The data were analysed thematically to uncover recurring themes and insights. The study's findings indicated that translanguaging acts as an essential tool for constructing meaning, collaborating with peers and negotiating identity among international students. Nonetheless, institutional barriers, such as strict language policies and educators’ lack of understanding of translanguaging teaching methods, hinder its effective application. Students additionally expressed feelings of linguistic isolation and decreased involvement when confined to English-only practices. The research suggests that universities implement more adaptable language policies, offer training for instructors in multilingual teaching methods and establish supportive environments that acknowledge and utilise students' full linguistic skills. These measures may promote fairer and more efficient learning experiences for international students in Zimbabwean universities.

Extortion through protection fees has become a major challenge to small businesses in rural towns of the Eastern Cape, South Africa. This study examines how extortion operates as a form of localised criminal governance and its socio-economic effects on small business owners. The researcher adopted a qualitative approach, conducting semi-structured interviews with 12 small business owners and 4 key informants, including local government officials and community leaders, in 3 rural towns in the Eastern Cape. Thematic analysis showed that the issue of extortion arises from systematic demands for protection fees and the creation of parallel governance structures that undermine state authority, leading to significant socio-economic consequences, such as business closures, decreased investment, job losses, and psychological distress. The findings also suggest that perpetrators target vulnerabilities, including the absence of the state, economic disparities, to establish territorial power, and withdraw resources from both sectors, the informal and formal economy. The study concludes by emphasising that extortion is not only criminal opportunism but also reflects institutional failures in governance that affect the success of economic development, state legitimacy, and social cohesion in rural areas. Strategies to improve must focus on both law enforcement limitations and the underlying socio-economic challenges that enhance criminal behaviours. This study contributes to the advancement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth) by highlighting threats to small business sustainability, SDG 16 (Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions) through its focus on criminal governance and weakened state authority, and SDG 1 (No Poverty) by demonstrating how extortion exacerbates economic vulnerability in rural communities. Key Terms: Extortion; Protection fees; Criminal governance; Rural crime; Small businesses; Eastern Cape; Informal economy, Local governance

E-hailing services have become an integral part of student mobility in South African cities, offering convenience and flexibility within transport systems that are often fragmented and unreliable. However, for female university students, the use of these services extends beyond issues of accessibility and cost, intersecting with persistent concerns about personal safety, vulnerability and exposure to gender-based violence. This study examines female students' perceptions of safety and risk when using e-hailing services within an urban university context in the Eastern Cape province. Adopting a qualitative research design grounded in an interpretivist paradigm, the study draws on in-depth, semi-structured interviews with female students who regularly use e-hailing platforms for academic, social, and personal travel. The findings reveal that while e-hailing services are often perceived as safer alternatives to walking or traditional public transport, they simultaneously generate new forms of anxiety linked to driver behaviour, route deviations, inadequate platform accountability and broader societal violence against women. Participants described engaging in continuous risk assessment and adopting self-protective strategies such as monitoring routes, restricting travel times, and relying on peer-based safety networks to navigate perceived threats. The study further highlights the limitations of existing platform safety features, which are frequently experienced as symbolic rather than substantively protective. These findings underscore the need for a more coordinated response involving e-hailing companies, universities, and policymakers to strengthen passenger safety beyond individual vigilance. The study contributes to SDG 5 (Gender Equality) by highlighting the structural and social conditions that limit women’s ability to move freely and safely in public and semi-private spaces. It further aligns with SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), specifically the goal of ensuring safe, inclusive, and accessible transport systems for all, with particular attention to the needs of women and vulnerable populations. Furthermore, by centring female students lived experiences, this study contributes to ongoing debates on gendered mobility, digital transport governance, and safety within higher education environments in the Global South.

This paper critically examines the characteristics and challenges of small-scale farming in Wegdraai Village, Limpopo Province, South Africa. Drawing on secondary literature, comparative case studies, and thematic analysis, the paper integrates localized evidence such as reliance on family labour, fragmented plots under two hectares, and subsistence-oriented crop diversity with global perceptions from India, Kenya, and Ethiopia. The paper’s finding demonstrated that insecure land tenure, erratic rainfall, soil degradation, and limited access to irrigations and credit undermine productivity, while women and older adults disproportionately shoulder agricultural labour yet remain excluded from decision-making. Despite these constraints, informal networks and indigenous knowledge sustain resilience strategies. Thus, by situating Wegdraai Village within an agricultural ecosystem framework, the paper shows how systemic vulnerabilities disrupt farmer supplier market institution linkages. Therefore, the paper’s recommendations emphasize tenure reform, inclusive cooperations, climate-smart training, and youth focused agric-tech initiatives to strengthen resilience and ensure sustainable food security in marginalized communities.

This study examines how cognitive and structural factors jointly shape customer satisfaction in digital marketplaces, using South Africa as an emerging market context. Drawing on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and network embeddedness theory, it investigates the effects of performance expectancy, effort expectancy, perceived network density, and perceived network centrality. A survey of 128 township entrepreneurs engaging with e-commerce platforms was analysed using multiple regression. Findings indicate that cognitive factors, performance and effort expectancy, significantly predict customer satisfaction, whereas structural factors, network density and centrality, have no direct effect when considered jointly, suggesting their influence is mediated through user perceptions of platform efficiency. This study contributes theoretically by integrating technology cognition with ecosystem network perspectives, highlighting the interdependence of platform design and structural coordination in shaping customer satisfaction. Practically, the findings inform platform managers on prioritising customer-centric design while maintaining effective ecosystem governance to enhance customer satisfaction. By linking cognitive evaluations and structural embeddedness, the study provides actionable insights for managing complex digital ecosystems in emerging markets. It further extends understanding of platform strategy beyond technology adoption and network structure alone.

This study presents a quantitative analysis of the strategic role of job embeddedness on turnover intention among nurses in selected healthcare centres in urban Accra, Ghana. Focusing on both on-the-job and off-the-job embeddedness, the study aims to develop a predictive model as a complement to evidence-based policies on human resources to help improve the existing retention of nurses in the healthcare sector. A sample of 276 nurses was randomly selected to participate in the study. Structured questionnaires were administered through digital formats to enable selected respondents to provide data for analyses. The authors employed descriptive statistics in SPSS Version 28 to analyse the data, while Structural Equation Modelling with SmartPLS 3.0 was used to assess the relationships among the variables. By adopting an ecosystem and strategic perspective, this paper considers the role of on-the-job embeddedness as a vital stability mechanism in healthcare systems. Conversely, off-the-job embeddedness emerged as a comparatively weaker influence. The results underscore the need to improve organisational embeddedness as a strategic approach to curtail turnover and enhance healthcare service within healthcare facilities in Ghana.

This study focuses on procurement processes as one of the most critical issues facing the South African local government domain today. Our main argument in this paper is that effective and efficient procurement processes are stifled by corruption emanating from political patronage which continues to menace the public sector. The trickle-down effect of this is poor service rendering in local government and the disjuncture between the services rendered and the citizens’ priorities. The principal-agent theory was used as an analytical lens of the study. The study adopted a qualitative literature review to unearth the scourge of tenderpreneurship and explore its effects on service delivery in the Eastern Cape province. Findings revealed that, despite the enactment of relevant statutory instruments and institutional structures to enhance procurement practices within local government, politics-administration dichotomy continues to negatively affect the processes. Corruption in the procurement processes has manifested itself through bribery, fraud and kickbacks and these have proven to be counterproductive in terms of service delivery. Findings have also demonstrated that the rendering of services such as water and sanitation, infrastructure and electricity remain elusive in many local municipalities in the provinces owing to the poor quality of work provided by inexperienced contractors linked to the political elite. In this regard, the study recommends the strengthening of internal financial controls within municipalities and establishing clear work procedures and oversight mechanisms between the politicians and the street bureaucrats.

This study examines whether risk asset exposure affects the financial performance of commercial banks in Cameroon, a bank-dominated economy of the Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC). Risk asset exposure is measured by lending intensity (the loan-to-deposit ratio) and credit expansion (annual loan growth), and performance by return on assets (ROA). The data form a balanced panel of ten commercial banks over 2014–2024, compiled from the prudential reporting system of the Central African Banking Commission (COBAC) as published by Cameroon's National Economic and Financial Committee. Bank fixed-effects regressions with bank-clustered standard errors are complemented by a wild-cluster bootstrap suited to few clusters, Driscoll–Kraay standard errors, lagged regressors, panel Granger non-causality tests and a within–between (Mundlak) decomposition that separates changes in a bank's own exposure from persistent differences between banks. The main findings are that (i) neither lending intensity nor credit expansion is significantly associated with profitability in any specification (bootstrap p = 0.81 and 0.30), and the confidence intervals exclude effects larger than about one percentage point of ROA; (ii) lending intensity is unrelated to profitability both within banks over time and between banks (between-effect bootstrap p = 0.88); and (iii) the COVID-19 years of 2020–2021 were associated with ROA about 0.70 percentage points lower (bootstrap p = 0.009). The results indicate a limited role for lending exposure, while significant bank fixed effects and the COVID-19 coefficient point to persistent bank heterogeneity and common systemic shocks. Because the sample comprises ten banks under a single regulator, the findings should be interpreted with caution.

This study presents a thematic literature review aimed at understanding the systemic barriers that Black African women face when accessing bank loans in South Africa, as well as the critical role that the humanities can play in addressing these issues. In the context of the persistent economic instability facing South Africa, the small business sector has become a vital source of income and resilience for Black women. Despite this, their economic potential remains constrained by limited access to bank loans. Guided by an intersectionality framework, the study discusses the systemic barriers that contribute to the financial hardships and exclusion of Black African women. It further explores how gender-sensitive and humanities-informed approaches can contribute to more inclusive financial services. This includes emphasizing the need for culturally sensitive financial products, bias awareness training, and supportive policy frameworks. The review calls for strategic interventions to improve economic empowerment among Black African women entrepreneurs. Central to these interventions is the role of humanities faculties in facilitating Short Learning Programs and Skills Training Programs that provide business training, helping women manage finances and scale their ventures sustainably through enhanced financial literacy. This increased knowledge can improve their chances of success, even in the absence of formal funding. Conducting Afrocentric research is another avenue to uncover the barriers and address the current financial exclusion that Black women in South Africa experience. Gender equality in financial inclusion must remain one of the fundamental building blocks for steady and positive economic growth in South Africa.

Despite changing Performance Management System (PMS) to Performance Management and Development (PMD) in 2018, public schools face difficulties in effectively implementing PMD in Botswana. This study, using a mixed methods approach, investigated the capacity of school managers to implement PMD. Quantitative analysis assessed capacity and workload, while qualitative insights explored managers’ perspectives on PMD.  From the study, poor PMD implementation is associated with capacity issues, moral laxity and organizational indifference. The study recommends building capacities at all levels of PMD and embracing PMD as a performance reform.

The AfCFTA presents significant opportunities for manufacturing SMEs in Namibia to expand into regional markets. However, limited evidence exists regarding the extent to which these enterprises are logistically prepared to participate effectively in continental trade. This study aims to examine the logistical readiness of GS1-registered manufacturing SMEs in Namibia to participate in trade under the AfCFTA. In this paper, it is also aimed to assess SMEs’ awareness of AfCFTA compliance requirements, identify key logistical challenges, and evaluate operational capability gaps related to supply chain documentation, inventory management, and export logistics. The study is underpinned by the Resource-Based View, Institutional Theory, and Trade Facilitation Theory. A qualitative research approach was employed using open-ended questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. A dataset comprising responses from representatives of GS1-registered manufacturing SMEs operating in sectors such as food processing, cosmetics, agro-processing, textiles, and light manufacturing was analysed. Data were collected during 2025 and analysed using reflective thematic analysis supported by Atlas.ti 23 software. The main findings of the study demonstrate that: (i) although awareness of the AfCFTA exists among SMEs, knowledge of specific compliance requirements, including rules of origin, customs documentation, and regulatory procedures, remains limited; (ii) significant internal logistical and operational capability gaps persist, particularly in export skills, inventory management systems, and logistics planning; and (iii) external barriers, including high transport costs, regulatory complexities, and inadequate institutional coordination, constrain SMEs’ readiness to exploit AfCFTA opportunities. The study concludes that GS1 registration is a necessary but insufficient condition for trade readiness and recommends targeted capacity-building initiatives, improved trade facilitation measures, and stronger institutional support to enhance SME participation in continental trade.

Does Botswana’s economic growth drive insurance sector development or follows it? This study evaluates the empirical applicability of the supply-leading and demand-following hypotheses. It employs the Autoregressive Distributed Lag bounds testing approach and Granger causality analysis within a Vector Error Correction Model framework, to examines the significance of dynamic long-run, short-run and causal relationship between the Insurance sector development (total insurance penetration) and economic growth (Gross Domestic Product per capita) over the period 2000–2023. To reduce specification bias, the control variables used are gross fixed capital formation for physical capital accumulation, inflation for macroeconomic stability and trade openness for external trade exposure. The findings indicate a statistically significant long-run cointegrating relationship among the variables, with inflation exerting a highly significant negative effect on Gross Domestic Product per capita while total insurance penetration indicates a statistically insignificant direct long-run impact. In the short run, total insurance penetration exerts a robust and statistically significant negative effect on Gross Domestic Product per capita, validating the presence of a 'savings-substitution' effect and domestic capital leakage channel identified in earlier literature. The Pairwise Granger causality analysis yields a strong backing for the demand-following hypothesis at 5% significance level, and a weak evidence of a supply-leading effect at 10% level meaning the insurance market acts primarily as a passive responder to macroeconomic expansion rather than a primary growth locomotive. Policy recommendations stress the need for regulatory reforms to boost domestic insurance premiums reinvestment, stimulate structural product innovation, and deepen financial inclusion to unlock growth-insurance complementarities.

This study aims to examine the effects of price discount and delivery service on purchase decision and their subsequent impact on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty within an urban franchise retail context. A quantitative approach was employed using a survey of 220 consumers of Indomaret Anggrek Rosliana Raya, West Jakarta. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings indicate that price discount has a significant but relatively weak effect on purchase decision, while delivery service demonstrates a stronger influence, highlighting the increasing importance of service convenience in urban retail environments. Furthermore, purchase decision has a substantial effect on customer satisfaction, which in turn strongly influences customer loyalty. The study also confirms a sequential mediation mechanism, where marketing stimuli influence customer loyalty indirectly through purchase decision and customer satisfaction. Unlike previous customer loyalty studies that predominantly examine the direct effects of marketing stimuli on satisfaction or loyalty, this study develops a sequential framework in which purchase decision functions as a cognitive mediator preceding customer satisfaction as an affective mediator. This model extends existing customer loyalty frameworks by demonstrating that loyalty emerges through a two-stage evaluation process rather than through isolated direct relationships.

The effective utilisation of Integrated Logistics Systems (ILS) is increasingly recognised as a critical enabler of operational efficiency, accountability, and readiness within defence organisations. The study investigated the utilisation of Integrated Logistics Systems within the Ministry of Defence and Veteran Affairs (MODVA) in the Khomas region of Namibia. A qualitative research approach was utilised, and data was gathered through semi-structured interviews with 33 participants drawn from logistics officers, supply chain managers, system administrators, and information technology support personnel. The data was analysed thematically to generate insights into patterns of system use, organisational dynamics, and user experiences. The findings revealed that although the Integrated Logistics System operates within MODVA, its use is still inconsistent, disjointed, and primarily confined to fundamental functions. Advanced system features intended to enhance complete logistics integration, real-time visibility, and strategic decision-making are greatly underused. The study also identified internal organisational elements such as leadership styles, corporate culture, workflow inconsistencies, inadequate training, and lack of ICT support as key factors influencing system utilisation. Participants also described national ICT infrastructure, procurement regulations, reliance on external suppliers, and cybersecurity requirements as contextual constraints affecting the environment in which ILS is used. Moreover, the study found that the challenges related to ILS implementation and utilisation are closely linked. Insufficient rollout planning, minimal user engagement, ineffective change management tactics, and ongoing training and capability deficiencies have led to diminished user trust and opposition to digital processes. Technical and infrastructural limitations further diminish trust in the system, while behavioural obstacles such as fear of making mistakes, preference for manual processes, and reluctance to change remain firmly embedded in the organisational culture. The study concludes that effective ILS implementation within MODVA necessitates a comprehensive strategy that combines technological proficiency with organisational preparedness, leadership commitment, ongoing skills enhancement, and organised change management. The findings contribute to the understanding of digital logistics systems adoption in defence settings in developing countries and offer evidence-based recommendations for improving system usage and operational efficiency.

This study examines the economics and the cost per kWh (IDR/kWh) of household gas-fired power generation coupled with a renewable energy source, namely a Solar Power Plant (PLTS). The calculations in this research employ individual economic assessments for a standalone PLN system, a natural gas generator set, a solar power plant (PLTS), and a hybrid combination of a natural gas generator set and PLTS. The analysis focuses on the economic aspects of the household electricity system using the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE), Life Cycle Cost (LCC), and Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) methods. The study is conducted by evaluating the electrical economics and determining the resulting IDR/kWh cost generated by the standalone PLN system, the natural gas generator set, the PLTS, and the hybrid system combining the natural gas generator set with PLTS. The research findings are expected to contribute to the development of a more efficient and sustainable distributed energy system.  

The resumption of indirect US-Iran negotiations in 2026, mediated by Qatar, Pakistan, and Oman, represents a critical test case for contemporary conflict resolution in the Arabian Gulf. While existing studies have extensively examined US-Iran hostility through the lenses of nuclear proliferation, sanctions regimes, and military deterrence, the mediating role of small-state actors, particularly Qatar, remains theoretically underdeveloped. This paper addresses this gap by constructing an analytical framework for understanding Qatar’s mediation strategy in the 2026 shuttle diplomacy efforts, with a specific focus on the reopening of the Strait of Hormuz and broader de-escalation. Drawing upon mediation theory, neoclassical realism, and hedging literature, the proposed framework conceptualizes Qatari mediation along three analytical dimensions: (1) structural enablers: Qatar’s strategic geography, financial resources, and institutionalized relationships with both Washington and Tehran; (2) strategic motivations: Doha’s pursuit of regional stability, protection of its maritime economic interests, and preservation of its security guarantee from the US while maintaining ties with Iran; and (3) tactical modalities: the indirect, rotating mediation structure involving multiple state intermediaries, draft proposal exchanges, and confidence-building measures. Applying this framework to the 2026 negotiation process reveals two primary findings. First, Qatar’s effectiveness as a mediator hinges on its perceived neutrality and its unique access to both parties’ red lines: the US demand for comprehensive nuclear constraints and Iran’s insistence on sanctions relief and security recognition. Second, the indirect shuttle format, while slower than direct talks, enables both sides to explore compromise without domestic political backlash, transforming the Strait of Hormuz from a flashpoint into a bargaining chip. The paper concludes that Qatar’s mediation, while promising, faces structural limitations inherent to asymmetrical power relations. Ultimately, this framework offers scholars a replicable model for analyzing small-state mediation in great-power conflicts and provides policymakers with insights into the conditions that facilitate or obstruct Gulf diplomacy

This paper evaluates the performance of road construction contracts awarded by the Roads Authority (RA) of Namibia, addressing the persistent project delays, cost overruns, and contractor non-performance that have continued despite the enactment of the Public Procurement Act 15 of 2015. The study examines three interrelated dimensions of contract performance: the role of procurement processes in contractor selection, the effectiveness of monitoring and evaluation systems, and the influence of external factors on project outcomes. A qualitative case study design, underpinned by a constructivist research philosophy, was adopted. Data were collected through semi-structured questionnaires administered to 27 purposively selected participants, comprising 10 Roads Authority procurement officers and project managers and 17 contractors who undertook road projects between 2020 and 2025. Responses were analysed in ATLAS.ti through inductive open, axial, and selective coding, yielding 68 codes consolidated into 19 clusters and five overarching themes. The findings show that contract performance is undermined by (i) procurement process limitations, particularly lowest-bid bias and unverifiable paper-based capacity assessment; (ii) monitoring and supervision gaps linked to understaffing and reactive contract management; (iii) institutional capacity constraints; (iv) external pressures, most notably delayed client payments and political interference; and (v) contractor-side weaknesses including financial mismanagement and capacity misrepresentation. These findings are interpreted through Principal-Agent Theory, the Resource-Based View, and Project Management Theory, which jointly demonstrate that performance failure is multi-causal rather than attributable to any single determinant. The study recommends reforming contractor selection criteria, introducing performance-based contracting, strengthening monitoring capacity through digital systems, and improving payment discipline, offering an empirically grounded contribution to public procurement and infrastructure contract management scholarship in developing countries.

The successful achievement of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) largely depends on human behavior. Will people act sustainably when they consume, work, travel, or simply go about their lives? Only if the answer is yes can we truly make progress toward sustainability. Research into what influences SDG-supportive behavior has identified several factors. However, some studies emphasize knowledge, others highlight economic barriers, and still others focus on traits and psychological factors—rarely all at once. In this paper, we aim to broaden this perspective. By reviewing multiple sources, we develop and empirically test a comprehensive model of sustainable behavior. We propose that awareness of sustainability issues influences how individuals interpret and understand societal challenges. At the same time, a person’s motivational orientation will determine whether they internalize sustainability values as their own beliefs and develop positive attitudes toward the SDGs. Nonetheless, even if individuals strongly believe in sustainability, their actions also depend on other factors. Using data from the Japan Household Panel Survey on Sustainable Development Goals, this study constructs psychometric measures and creates a nomological framework to examine the mechanisms behind the formation of sustainability behavior. The findings suggest that prosocial peace orientation and awareness of sustainability issues positively influence sustainability values and attitudes, which, in turn, shape sustainability behaviors.