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This paper aims to examine the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on stock markets. This paper also analyses the stock market cointegration of selected global equity indices that performed better and have a quick speed of recovery during the pandemic. This paper also questions how increasing uncertainty and volatility deters investors’ perception of the diversification of equity investments. The dataset for the selected 12 global equity indices has been used from Thompson Reuters’s EIKON database in a given period of time between 2010 and 2021. This paper employs Vector Error Correction Models to assess the relationship among the selected global equity indices. Findings demonstrate that (i) there is an adverse impact of Covid-19 on the Global Equity markets, (ii) there is a clear sign of cointegration in global equity indices, (ii) investors can benefit from investing in particular equity indices that have exhibited quick speed of recovery from the pandemic records lows. The findings finally provide a strong foundation for constructing a resilient equity portfolio in a highly uncertain market environment.

This paper aims to develop a critical approach to flight safety by assessing theoretical and empirical studies on fatigue risk factors in cockpit and cabin crew. This paper also builds a fundamental basis for managing fatigue risk factors in the aviation industry. The main contribution of the paper demonstrates the fact that primary and secondary fatigue risk factors in cockpit and cabin crew affect the level of job satisfaction, operational efficiency, and flight security.

Fatigue as an emerging flight safety issue in the aviation industry requires an elaborate understanding and critical approach for proactive aviation management practices. The level of flight crew stress and fatigue must be critically managed to prevent flight accidents. Additionally, stress and fatigue have a negative influence on job satisfaction levels. This paper aims to examine the critical fatigue risk factors that affect the performance and safety of airline pilots and crew in the aviation industry. This paper also analyses the relationship between burnout and job satisfaction sub-dimensions. A factor analysis with a target population of 254 international flight crew has been conducted using the Minnesota Job Satisfaction Survey and Maslach Burnout questionnaire. The main findings of the study demonstrate that (i) cockpit and cabin crews’ job satisfaction and performance have been affected by stress and fatigue, (ii) psychological depression, anxiety and personal problems of the flight crew are the main causes of emotional fatigue, (iii) extensive flight hours and dealing with problematic passengers increase flight crew fatigue, (iv) personal achievements concerns and depersonalization increase flight crew fatigue.

Toxic leadership refers to the sum of the negative aspects of leaders within their leadership traits. Narcissistic leadership is a multidimensional structure that includes charismatic leadership and authoritarian leadership types. Toxic leaders can harm the organization, employees, and society in which they work. This research aims to determine the toxic characteristics of leaders working in public universities and to extract the attribute of organizational trust in job satisfaction. Turkey's Istanbul made the data collected through face-to-face survey research methods in 470 people working in the public university hospital in the province were analyzed by analysis methods used in social sciences. As a result of the analysis, a negative significant relationship between toxic leadership and organizational trust, a negative significant relationship between toxic leadership and job satisfaction and its sub-dimensions, and a positive significant relationship between organizational trust and job satisfaction and its sub-dimensions were found. Toxic leadership affects managerial job satisfaction and company policy-based job satisfaction through the full set of organizational trust. In addition, toxic leadership has also been found to be effective on job satisfaction arising from employees through partial organizational trust

Spiritual well-being is the affirmation of one’s life in a relation to external world, one’s ownself and a transcendental power like God. It reflects positive feelings, attitudes, and perceptions leading to a sense of identity, wholeness, peace, harmony, and purpose in life. In this study, it is predicted that individuals with high spiritual well-being will be more spiritually resistant during the COVID-19 pandemic, which is one of the most noteworthy periods when people need to be psychologically strong and resilient. In this study, resilience has been defined as the individual endurance against difficulties and the ability to bounce back and even get better. Hence we hypothesized that spiritual well-being of individuals will be effective on their resilience. We conducted our study in Turkey among adults older than 20 years old. We obtained 384 usable data and we analysed our date by using SPSS 20.0 program. Results confirmed the assumption of this study, regarding spiritual well-being/ resilience relationship.

The recruitment process is more of an issue for many businesses. The process of determining the appropriate candidate to hire is often a costly, time-consuming process. Besides, due to incorrect decision-making or lack of objectivity in hiring processes, recruitment processes may not proceed effectively. Businesses are trying to use technology in their recruitment processes to avoid these problems. Currently, many businesses use internet and software technologies to receive applications and evaluate candidates. But despite these technologies, it takes time and additional personnel costs for people to coordinate all processes. Due to these and similar situations, there has been an increase in the use of artificial intelligence technologies in recruitment processes in the world recently. The use of artificial intelligence in recruitment processes has the effect of reducing costs and decision-making errors and appears to be beneficial in saving time. In this study, the use of artificial intelligence in the recruitment processes of businesses in Turkey was examined. In this context, interviews were conducted with the human resources managers of 22 businesses. According to research results, it was understood that artificial intelligence was benefited only as an auxiliary element in recruitment processes. It has been found that businesses do not rely much on artificial intelligence in their recruitment processes, so they do not use it or partially use it.

With the negative effects of global financial crisis in 2008-2009 and recent Covid 19 pandemic, the need for stress management for individuals and business organizations is significantly increasing. However, the latest advances in digitalization and digital transformation of service companies are reshaping and redesigning the working conditions. This study aimed to explain how stress and burnout syndrome affects the individuals and business organizations. It is also aimed to maintain a theoretical perspective on burnout syndrome models. Main contribution of the paper to literature is its theoretical perspective with fundamental theories and models of burnout syndrome.

This paper through a systematic literature review portrays the academic work that has been done in disaster management by applying multi-criteria decision making. This study reviews 36 academic articles that applied multi-criteria decision-making planning and management of natural disasters i.e. tsunami, floods, heavy rains, earthquake, land sliding, epidemic, pandemic, etc. This study finds out that lack of effective planning and management pre and post disasters is causing loss of human life, temporary migration of locals to safer places, loss of properties, and economic losses. Once the crisis is over, it requires efforts and additional finances to bring life to normal. There are regions where disasters are periodic such as floods in rivers or due to monsoon season. But with effective planning and pre-determined priorities, loss to human life can be mitigated. Disaster management departments need effective planning tools to forecast imminent disasters and prepare accordingly. This study is very relevant to the recent global pandemic COVID-19 that has caused human and economic losses and will leave footprints for the coming years and generations

Organizational culture and firm performance are some of the most researched topics in management because of their importance to organizations. Many studies have explored the relationship between organizational culture and firm performance.  The aim of the study is to link organizational culture and firm financial performance and this link was explained by conducting a literature review. The paper investigated the linking organizational culture and financial performance and found that there are different types of organizational cultures and all of them affect the performance of organizations.

This study aims to investigate the mediation effect of green product and green process innovation by focusing on the role of internal and external environmental orientation over firm performance to expand researches on environmental orientation. With this aim, a conceptual model has been recommended by unifying institutional theory and natural resource-based view. Data collected from 315 firms who have ISO14001 Environmental Management Certificate and took part in Turkey’s first and second ISO 500 Industrial Enterprises list in 2018 have been tested by using SmartPLS 3 software as part of Structural Equation Modelling. Empirical proofs show that internal and external environmental orientation has a positive effect on both green product innovation and green process innovation. Additionally, it has been concluded that internal environmental orientation has a direct positive effect on firm performance, while external environmental orientation has an indirect effect, which is through green product and green process innovation. The reason could be rooted in the ecological responsibility feeling of internal environmental orientation. External environmental orientation, though, could be limited only with fulfilling legal requirements with legitimacy acquiring desire. Firms strategically directed to the green product and green process innovation by doing more than the laws require and taking the lead could increase their firm performance. These findings contribute to theory and practice, enriching our understanding of how two dimensions of environmental orientation affect firm performance.  

This paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Ghanaian listed banks using COSO’s IC framework. Only Control environment, Risk assessment, and Monitoring activities components of the framework considered for this study. Methodologically, out of the 60 questionnaires, surveys distributed to the banks 37 copies received representing a 61.7% response rate. Statistic Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) v25 used to analyze data by running among other reliability tests, tests of normality, and descriptive statistics. The results of means and standard deviations gained ascertained that; strong controls existed in the control environment, risk assessment, and monitoring activities of internal control of the Ghanaian listed banks. A risk assessment had a low average mean compared to the control environment and monitoring activities. Because banks operate under higher risk than any other financial institution, we propose that Ghanaian listed banks should increase investment in risk assessment.

In this study, 396 university students in Turkey are surveyed online regarding their attitudes towards financial issues, their level of financial knowledge, and their financial behavior. The latest version of OECD/INFE Financial Literacy Survey (2018) is used in the study. Using SPSS and LISREL. Factor analysis, Cronbach's Alpha, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) are used to analyze the relationship between financial knowledge of the participants with their financial attitude and behavior as well as the mediation effect of financial attitude in this relationship. In line with the common wisdom that the relationship between knowledge and behavior is higher if knowledge is better reflected in the attitude of the individual, the mediation effect of financial attitude strengthens the financial knowledge and financial behavior relationship.

This study aims to examine the concept of stress, which has become a part of our daily lives, in an organizational context, and to determine whether there are a relationship and interaction between stress management and job performance in organizations.  In this article, which is an exploratory study, the sources behind organizational stress are investigated, and the individual and organizational results created by organizational stress management on business performance are discussed. Within the scope of the study, the studies in the literature conducted between 2005 and 2019 in different sectors and their results were examined. In the obtained results, significant negative relationships were found between stress management and job performance. Furthermore, in these results, the mediating role of stress management was also detected.

The business transition process from conventional to digital forms causes companies to think about strategic steps to make the new business processes that are in it become sustainable. One way is to take advantage of technological developments in the era of industry 4.0 that change the way work is done from the conventional way towards digital technology by utilizing e-commerce. This research uses descriptive research method with a qualitative analysis approach. Data collection techniques in this study used primary data and secondary data approaches. Data obtained from research are empirical data. The methodology used in this study is a conceptual review, which is a method carried out by collecting data and information related to market potential, changes in consumer behavior and how to use e-commerce technology as an alternative solution in innovating marketing strategies with the aim to capture potential market potential. greater than. The results of the research resulted nine e-commerce strategies in the industry 4.0 era to achieve the goals of a business with challenges and high competitiveness in the e-commerce market, business people in industry 4.0 era can use 9 strategies to successful in this technological era, including; framing the market opportunity; formulating the marketing strategy; designing the customer experience; crafting the customer interface; designing the marketing program; leveraging customer information through technology; character and competent delegation; systemized market customers; and evaluating the marketing program.

The term high-tech, covering the high-tech industry and the information-intensive service sector, is based on advanced scientific and technological expertise that requires science, technology, and innovation (STI), and is based on Research & Development expenditure. Sectoral, product and patent approaches are used for classification by OECD and European Union. Literature review on high-tech show that countries focusing on Research and Development Expenditures and new patents have succeeded in increasing their high-tech exports as well. Turkey is one of the countries where the levels of high-tech export is not at the desired levels yet therefore the government must give incentives for Research and Development expenditures and new patents for innovation, as high-tech export affects GDP growth positively.

In recent years, with consumers’ widespread preference for shopping in Private Shopping Clubs (PSCs) on the internet, there has been a remarkable increase in impulse purchases with the attractive opportunities and smart strategies of PSCs stimulating consumers’ impulse buying behavior. Within the PSC framework, the purpose of this article is to investigate the moderator effect of brand awareness and brand loyalty on the relationship between online impulse buying behavior and perceived low price, browsing behavior and time pressure. The study created and tested five hypotheses using data collected in Turkey. Results indicate that browsing behavior, time pressure and perceived low price do influence online impulse buying behavior. A hierarchical regression analysis was also used to analyze the moderating role of brand awareness and brand loyalty on impulse buying behavior and both variables were found to have a moderating role. The results provide substantial information on strategy development for internet retailers.

Bu çal??man?n amac?, Türkiye’de hayat d??? sigortac?l?k sektöründe aktif karl?l??? ile firmaya özgü faktörler aras?ndaki ili?kiyi tespit ederek aktif kârl?l???n?n etkinlikten mi yoksa yo?unla?madan m? kaynakland???n? belirlemektir. Bu amaçla, Türk sigorta sektöründe faaliyet gösteren 36 hayat d??? sigorta ?irketi aras?nda 2015 y?l? verilerine göre pazar?n toplam %83.38’ini olu?turan 15 sigorta ?irketinin 2010-2015 dönemine ait mali verileri ile performans ili?kisine yönelik Period SUR panel veri analizi yap?lm??t?r. Analiz sonuçlar?na göre, aktif büyüklü?ü, likidite ve pazar pay? de?i?kenleri ile aktif karl?l??? aras?nda pozitif ve istatistiki olarak anlaml? bir ili?ki tespit edilmi?ken kald?raç, hasar/prim oran? ve firma ya?? de?i?kenleri aras?nda ise negatif ve istatistiki olarak anlaml? bir ili?ki tespit edilmi?tir.  Analiz dönemi boyunca Herfindahl–Hirschman Endeksi de?erleri 1.500’ün alt?nda oldu?u için Türkiye’de hayat d??? sigortac?l?k sektörünün yo?un olmayan bir piyasa görünümünde oldu?u tespit edilmi?tir. Bu nedenle, hayat d??? sigortac?l?k sektöründe aktif kârl?l??? yo?unla?madan daha ziyade faaliyetlerdeki etkinlikten kaynaklanmaktad?r.

In this study, we aimed to explain the influencing factors of interest rate risk in Turkish banking sector. Within this scope, 20 deposit banks in Turkey were evaluated. Furthermore, annual data for the periods between 2006 and 2015 was analyzed by using panel logit method. According to the results of this analysis, it was identified that 2 explanatory variables affect interest rate risk of Turkish banks. First of all, it was determined that banks, which have higher amount of deposits, are exposed to higher amount of interest rate risk. In addition to this situation, it was also defined that there is a negative relationship between the amount of capital and interest rate risk. As a result of this issue, it was recommended that Turkish banks should increase capital amount in order to manage interest rate risk more effectively.

Both in Turkey and in the world in 1980 was a year of major structural transformations. Globalization has been accelerated in this time and countries have implemented some liberal policies for opening borders to foreign capital. Economies began to be led by export-oriented industrialization and liberalization policies after 1980 and these policies continue since then. Turkey is one of these countries that began liberalization after 1980. While decreasing trade barriers exerts a downward pressure on prices trade liberalization represents a structural break. This study aims to examine the relationship between trade openness and inflation over the period 1980-2011 for Turkey by using OLS method. The proportion of foreign trade volume (exports plus imports) to GDP and real exchange rates are used as measures of trade openness besides inflation rate. As a result of the study, it has been determined that there was a negative correlation between trade openness and inflation rate for the dedicated years in Turkey. The effects of crisis and election years in Turkey have been also tested and found statistically insignificant.

<p>Location selection problem in banking is an important issue for the commercial success in competitive environment. There is a strategic fit between the location selection decision and overall performance of a new branch. Providing physical service in requested location as well as alternative distribution channels to meet profitable client needs is the current problematic to achieve the competitive advantage over the rivalry in financial system. In this paper, an integrated model has been developed to support in the decision of branch location selection for a new bank branch. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique has been conducted to prioritize of evaluation criteria, and multi-objective optimization on the basis of ratio analysis (MOORA) method has been applied to rank location alternatives of bank branch.  </p>